pyQt5-控件2

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-07 14:57:55 发布

翻译最新推荐文章于 2025-08-07 14:57:55 发布 · 409 阅读

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本文介绍了PyQt5中几种常用控件的使用方法，包括显示图片的QPixmap、编辑文本的QLineEdit、分割窗口的QSplitter以及提供下拉选项的QComboBox。

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参考：

1、https://maicss.gitbooks.io/pyqt5/content/

2、https://github.com/maicss/PyQt5-Chinese-tutoral

3、https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/classes.html API

控件2

图片

QPixmap 是处理图片的组件。本例中，我们使用 QPixmap 在窗口里显示一张图片。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

In this example, we dispay an image
on the window. 

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout,
                             QLabel, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap
import sys


class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)
        pixmap = QPixmap("cat.jpg") # 创建一个QPixmap对象，接收一个文件作为参数

        lbl = QLabel(self)
        lbl.setPixmap(pixmap) # 把QPixmap实例放到QLabel组件里

        hbox.addWidget(lbl)
        self.setLayout(hbox)

        self.move(300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('Red Rock')
        self.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

行编辑

QLineEdit 组件提供了编辑文本的功能，自带了撤销、重做、剪切、粘贴、拖拽等功能。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows text which 
is entered in a QLineEdit
in a QLabel widget.

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel,
                             QLineEdit, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.lbl = QLabel(self)
        qle = QLineEdit(self) # 创建一个QLineEdit对象

        qle.move(60, 100)
        self.lbl.move(60, 40)

        qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('QLineEdit')
        self.show()

    def onChanged(self, text):
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize() # 调用adjustSize()方法让标签自适应文本内容
 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QSplitter

QSplitter组件能让用户通过拖拽分割线的方式改变子窗口大小的组件。本例中我们展示用两个分割线隔开的三个QFrame组件。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows
how to use QSplitter widget.

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QFrame,
                             QSplitter, QStyleFactory, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
import sys


class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)

        topleft = QFrame(self)
        topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

        topright = QFrame(self)
        topright.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

        bottom = QFrame(self)
        bottom.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

        splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        splitter1.addWidget(topleft)
        splitter1.addWidget(topright)

        splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)
        splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)
        splitter2.addWidget(bottom)

        hbox.addWidget(splitter2)
        self.setLayout(hbox)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('QSplitter')
        self.show()

    def onChanged(self, text):
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

下拉选框

QComboBox 组件能让用户在多个选择项中选择一个。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows how to use 
a QComboBox widget.

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel,
                             QComboBox, QApplication)
import sys


class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.lbl = QLabel("Ubuntu", self)

        # 创建一个QComboBox组件和五个选项。
        combo = QComboBox(self)
        combo.addItem("Ubuntu")
        combo.addItem("Mandriva")
        combo.addItem("Fedora")
        combo.addItem("Arch")
        combo.addItem("Gentoo")

        combo.move(50, 50)
        self.lbl.move(50, 150)

        combo.activated[str].connect(self.onActivated)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('QComboBox')
        self.show()

    def onActivated(self, text):
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())