USB/PCIE/ROOT COMPLEX & Windows/Linux Driver

好久没有写了

 

总结一下工作多年所涉及的内容:

1. USB Device: USB1.1, USB2.0, USB3.0, USB3.1

2. USB Host: xHCI

3. PCIe: EP, Switch, Root Complex

4. IOMMU

5. APIC: IO-APIC, Local APIC

软件(驱动)层面:

1. Windows AVStream/BDA driver -- USB/PCI PCTV case (WHQL passed)

2. Windows filter driver -- USB audio device filter driver case

3. Linux V4L driver -- USB/PCI PCTV case

4. USB audio reference design -- firmware case

5. USB 2 HDMI adapter reference design -- firmware + Windows driver case

6. PCIe switch management -- Windows driver (WHQL passed)

7. PCIe switch management -- Linux driver (Patch accepted by Linux kernel)

8. PCIe NTB(Non-transparent bridge) -- Linux driver (Patch accepted by Linux kernel)

软件(应用)层面:

9. PCIe switch management - Windows/Linux Command Line Tools

 

 

### FPGA PCIe Root Port Configuration and Implementation In the context of configuring an FPGA as a PCIe root port, several critical aspects must be considered to ensure proper functionality within systems like those described in custom memory architectures using FPGAs based on advanced process nodes such as 16nm technology[^2]. The following sections outline key considerations for implementing this configuration. #### Understanding PCIe Root Ports A PCIe root port is part of the host bridge that connects directly with the CPU or system chipset. When designing an FPGA-based solution acting as a root complex containing one or more root ports, it's essential to understand how these components interact at both hardware and software levels. This interaction includes initialization sequences, enumeration processes, and transaction management between endpoints connected through switches if present. #### Hardware Design Considerations For setting up an FPGA as a PCIe root port: - **Clock Generation**: Ensure stable reference clocks are provided for all involved devices. - **Power Management**: Implement power states compliant with PCI-SIG specifications. - **Configuration Space Setup**: Properly configure Base Address Registers (BARs), Class Code, Vendor ID/Device ID registers among others during link training phase. The Vivado toolchain can assist significantly here by offering pre-built IP cores which simplify integration while ensuring compliance with industry standards[^1]. #### Software Stack Integration On the software side, operating environments play crucial roles especially when dealing with newer kernel versions like Linux 5.13 mentioned earlier: - **Driver Development**: Develop drivers compatible with chosen OS version supporting necessary features required by applications running atop them. - **Runtime Support**: Provide runtime support including error handling mechanisms, hotplug capabilities etc., enhancing overall robustness. An example snippet demonstrating basic setup might look something similar below but tailored according to specific project requirements: ```c #include <linux/pci.h> static int __init my_pci_init(void){ struct pci_dev *dev = NULL; dev = pci_get_device(VENDOR_ID, DEVICE_ID, dev); if (!dev) { printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to find device\n"); return -ENODEV; } // Further initialization code... } module_init(my_pci_init); ``` This demonstrates registering a driver module searching for particular vendor/device IDs associated with our FPGA-based root port. --related questions-- 1. What challenges arise from integrating multiple custom memory cards into heterogeneous computing platforms? 2. How does varying clock stability impact performance metrics across different stages of FPGA synthesis and place & route operations? 3. Can you elaborate on best practices regarding BAR allocation strategies within embedded systems utilizing FPGAs configured as PCIe RCs? 4. In what ways do recent advancements in Linux kernels influence development cycles concerning low-level peripheral interfaces?
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