步骤 1 : 定义多对多关系
本知识点是基于多对一的基础上进行。
在学习之前首先要理清楚多对多的关系,这里以订单Order和产品Product为例:
一张订单里 可以包含多种产品
一种产品 可以出现在多张订单里
这就是多对多关系
为了维系多对多关系,必须要一个中间表。 在这里我们使用订单项(OrderItem)表来作为中间表
步骤 2 : 表结构
create table order_ (
id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
code varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
create table order_item_(
id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
oid int ,
pid int ,
number int ,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
)AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
步骤 3 : 导入数据
在一对多关系中准备的数据里已经有Product数据里,这里就只准备订单数据和订单项数据:
- 插入两个订单
- 插入6条订单项数据,建立如下关系
2.1 订单1对应产品 1,2,3
2.2 订单2对应产品 2,3,4
INSERT INTO order_ VALUES (1,‘code000A’);
INSERT INTO order_ VALUES (2,‘code000B’);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 1, 1, 100);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 1, 2, 100);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 1, 3, 100);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 2, 2, 100);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 2, 3, 100);
INSERT INTO order_item_ VALUES (null, 2, 4, 100);
步骤 4 : 实体类
实体类Order和OrderItem
Order.java:
package com.how2java.pojo;
import java.util.List;
public class Order {
private int id;
private String code;
List<OrderItem> orderItems;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public List<OrderItem> getOrderItems() {
return orderItems;
}
public void setOrderItems(List<OrderItem> orderItems) {
this.orderItems = orderItems;
}
}
OrderItem.java:
package com.how2java.pojo;
public class OrderItem {
private int id;
private int number;
private Order order;
private Product product;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public Order getOrder() {
return order;
}
public void setOrder(Order order) {
this.order = order;
}
public Product getProduct() {
return product;
}
public void setProduct(Product product) {
this.product = product;
}
}
步骤 5 : 映射文件
Order.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.how2java.pojo">
<resultMap type="Order" id="orderBean">
<id column="oid" property="id" />
<result column="code" property="code" />
<collection property="orderItems" ofType="OrderItem">
<id column="oiid" property="id" />
<result column="number" property="number" />
<association property="product" javaType="Product">
<id column="pid" property="id"/>
<result column="pname" property="name"/>
<result column="price" property="price"/>
</association>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="listOrder" resultMap="orderBean">
select o.*,p.*,oi.*, o.id 'oid', p.id 'pid', oi.id 'oiid', p.name 'pname'
from order_ o
left join order_item_ oi on o.id =oi.oid
left join product_ p on p.id = oi.pid
</select>
<select id="getOrder" resultMap="orderBean">
select o.*,p.*,oi.*, o.id 'oid', p.id 'pid', oi.id 'oiid', p.name 'pname'
from order_ o
left join order_item_ oi on o.id =oi.oid
left join product_ p on p.id = oi.pid
where o.id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
Product.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.how2java.pojo">
<resultMap type="Product" id="productBean">
<id column="pid" property="id" />
<result column="pname" property="name" />
<result column="price" property="price" />
<!-- 多对一的关系 -->
<!-- property: 指的是属性名称, javaType:指的是属性的类型 -->
<association property="category" javaType="Category">
<id column="cid" property="id"/>
<result column="cname" property="name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="listProduct" resultMap="productBean">
select c.*, p.*, c.id 'cid', p.id 'pid', c.name 'cname', p.name 'pname'
from category_ c
left join product_ p on c.id = p.cid
</select>
<select id="getProduct" resultMap="productBean">
select c.*, p.*, c.id 'cid', p.id 'pid', c.name 'cname', p.name 'pname'
from category_ c
left join product_ p on c.id = p.cid
where p.id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
OrderItem.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.how2java.pojo">
<insert id="addOrderItem" parameterType="OrderItem">
insert into order_item_
values(null,#{order.id},#{product.id},#{number})
</insert>
<insert id="deleteOrderItem" parameterType="OrderItem">
delete from order_item_
where oid = #{order.id} and pid = #{product.id}
</insert>
</mapper>
步骤 6 : 修改mybatis-config.xml
添加对于Order.xml和OrderItem的映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.how2java.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="admin"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/how2java/pojo/Category.xml"/>
<mapper resource="com/how2java/pojo/Product.xml"/>
<mapper resource="com/how2java/pojo/Order.xml"/>
<mapper resource="com/how2java/pojo/OrderItem.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
步骤 7 : 查询操作
如图所示,查询出所有的订单,然后遍历每个订单下的多条订单项,以及订单项对应的产品名称,价格,购买数量
通过Order.xml的listOrder对应的sql语句进行查询:
select o.*,p.*,oi.*, o.id 'oid', p.id 'pid', oi.id 'oiid', p.name 'pname' from order_ o left join order_item_ oi on o.id =oi.oid left join product_ p on p.id = oi.pid联合order_, order_item_, product_ 三张表进行查询
<collection property="orderItems" ofType="OrderItem">
<id column="oiid" property="id" />
<result column="number" property="number" />
<association property="product" javaType="Product">
<id column="pid" property="id"/>
<result column="pname" property="name"/>
<result column="price" property="price"/>
</association>
</collection>
查询结果 id和code字段放在Order对象里, 然后通过一对多的标签把oiid和number放在OrderItem对象里,最后把pid,pname,price放进Product对象里。
package com.how2java;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import com.how2java.pojo.Order;
import com.how2java.pojo.OrderItem;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
public class TestMybatis {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
listOrder(session);
session.commit();
session.close();
}
private static void listOrder(SqlSession session) {
List<Order> os = session.selectList("listOrder");
for (Order o : os) {
System.out.println(o.getCode());
List<OrderItem> ois= o.getOrderItems();
for (OrderItem oi : ois) {
System.out.format("\t%s\t%f\t%d%n", oi.getProduct().getName(),oi.getProduct().getPrice(),oi.getNumber());
}
}
}
}
步骤 8 : 建立关系
如图所示,建立了让订单000A和产品z建立了关系
首先通过id分别获取Order对象和Product对象,然后创建一个新的OrderItem对象,接着设置Order,设置Product,设置数量,最后调用"addOrderItem" 对应的sql语句插入数据。
Order o1 = session.selectOne(“getOrder”, 1);
Product p6 = session.selectOne(“getProduct”, 6);
OrderItem oi = new OrderItem();
oi.setProduct(p6);
oi.setOrder(o1);
oi.setNumber(200);
session.insert(“addOrderItem”, oi);
addOrderItem调用insert into 语句插入一条OrderItem记录
insert into order_item_ values(null,#{order.id},#{product.id},#{number}) package com.how2java;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import com.how2java.pojo.Order;
import com.how2java.pojo.OrderItem;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
public class TestMybatis {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
addOrderItem(session);
listOrder(session);
session.commit();
session.close();
}
private static void addOrderItem(SqlSession session) {
Order o1 = session.selectOne("getOrder", 1);
Product p6 = session.selectOne("getProduct", 6);
OrderItem oi = new OrderItem();
oi.setProduct(p6);
oi.setOrder(o1);
oi.setNumber(200);
session.insert("addOrderItem", oi);
}
private static void listOrder(SqlSession session) {
List<Order> os = session.selectList("listOrder");
for (Order o : os) {
System.out.println(o.getCode());
List<OrderItem> ois = o.getOrderItems();
for (OrderItem oi : ois) {
System.out.format("\t%s\t%f\t%d%n", oi.getProduct().getName(), oi.getProduct().getPrice(),
oi.getNumber());
}
}
}
}
步骤 9 : 删除关系
如图所示,删除了订单00A和产品z的关系,再次查询,就看不到产品z了。
删除关系的时候,通过订单id(1)和产品id(6)进行删除。
其实所谓的删除关系,就是删除掉OrderItem记录。
package com.how2java;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import com.how2java.pojo.Order;
import com.how2java.pojo.OrderItem;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
public class TestMybatis {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
deleteOrderItem(session);
// addOrderItem(session);
listOrder(session);
session.commit();
session.close();
}
private static void deleteOrderItem(SqlSession session) {
Order o1 = session.selectOne("getOrder",1);
Product p6 = session.selectOne("getProduct",6);
OrderItem oi = new OrderItem();
oi.setProduct(p6);
oi.setOrder(o1);
session.delete("deleteOrderItem", oi);
}
private static void addOrderItem(SqlSession session) {
Order o1 = session.selectOne("getOrder",1);
Product p6 = session.selectOne("getProduct",6);
OrderItem oi = new OrderItem();
oi.setProduct(p6);
oi.setOrder(o1);
oi.setNumber(200);
session.insert("addOrderItem", oi);
}
private static void listOrder(SqlSession session) {
List<Order> os = session.selectList("listOrder");
for (Order o : os) {
System.out.println(o.getCode());
List<OrderItem> ois= o.getOrderItems();
for (OrderItem oi : ois) {
System.out.format("\t%s\t%f\t%d%n", oi.getProduct().getName(),oi.getProduct().getPrice(),oi.getNumber());
}
}
}
}
步骤 10 : 修改关系
多对多不存在修改关系的做法,就是删除旧的,然后新增一条即达到修改的效果。