Screen -r命令不能恢复Screen的解决方法及常用参数和快捷键

安装lnmp的时候第一步就是要求创建一个Screen，这样的做的目的是预防万一有网络中断或者其他因素导致链接中断而安装失败。创建Screen以后就可以直接不用管他了，也不用盯着它看，可以去做别的了。但是在之后使用screen -r lnmp恢复Screen的时候有些朋友会遇到一个问题：There is no screen to be resumed matching lnmp

这种情况，如果你使用screen -ls 查看的话，你会发现列出来的lnmp后面是一个Attached状态。要恢复screen，就得先把他变成Detached。

解决方法也比较简单，先使用命令screen -D lnmp，然后再使用screen -r lnmp即可恢复screen。或者两个命令连起来screen -d -r lnmp

这里命令里的lnmp即是你创建screen时候的名字，复制命令的时候记得修改名字，修改成你实际使用的，别到时候又直接复制粘贴了说不能用。

实际上我们常用screen -x lnmp来加入到原有screen 中。
screen 是可以保留原有的状态的！
COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
Screen has the following command-line options:

   -a   include  all capabilities (with some minor exceptions) in each win‐
        dow's termcap, even if screen must redraw parts of the  display  in
        order to implement a function.

   -A   Adapt the sizes of all windows to the size of the current terminal.
        By default, screen tries to  restore  its  old  window  sizes  when
        attaching  to  resizable terminals (those with "WS" in its descrip‐
        tion, e.g. suncmd or some xterm).

   -c file
        override the default configuration file from  "$HOME/.screenrc"  to
        file.

   -d|-D [pid.tty.host]
        does  not  start  screen, but detaches the elsewhere running screen
        session. It has the same effect as typing  "C-a  d"  from  screen's
        controlling terminal. -D is the equivalent to the power detach key.
        If no session can be detached, this option is ignored. In  combina‐
        tion with the -r/-R option more powerful effects can be achieved:

   -d -r   Reattach a session and if necessary detach it first.

   -d -R   Reattach  a  session  and  if necessary detach or even create it
           first.

   -d -RR  Reattach a session and if necessary detach or create it. Use the
           first session if more than one session is available.

   -D -r   Reattach  a  session.  If  necessary  detach and logout remotely
           first.

   -D -R   Attach here and now. In detail this means: If a session is  run‐
           ning,  then  reattach.  If  necessary detach and logout remotely
           first.  If it was not running create it  and  notify  the  user.
           This is the author's favorite.

   -D -RR  Attach here and now. Whatever that means, just do it.

        Note: It is always a good idea to check the status of your sessions
        by means of "screen -list".

   -e xy
        specifies the command character to be x and the character  generat‐
        ing  a literal command character to y (when typed after the command
        character).  The default is "C-a" and `a', which can  be  specified
        as  "-e^Aa".   When creating a screen session, this option sets the
        default command character. In a multiuser session all  users  added
        will  start  off with this command character. But when attaching to
        an already running session, this option changes  only  the  command
        character  of  the  attaching  user.   This option is equivalent to
        either the commands "defescape" or "escape" respectively.

   -f, -fn, and -fa
        turns flow-control on, off, or "automatic  switching  mode".   This
        can also be defined through the "defflow" .screenrc command.

   -h num
        Specifies the history scrollback buffer to be num lines high.

   -i   will cause the interrupt key (usually C-c) to interrupt the display
        immediately when flow-control is on.  See the  "defflow"  .screenrc
        command for details.  The use of this option is discouraged.

   -l and -ln
        turns login mode on or off (for /etc/utmp updating).  This can also
        be defined through the "deflogin" .screenrc command.

   -ls [match]
   -list [match]
        does not start screen, but prints a list  of  pid.tty.host  strings
        identifying  your  screen sessions.  Sessions marked `detached' can
        be resumed with "screen -r". Those marked  `attached'  are  running
        and  have  a controlling terminal. If the session runs in multiuser
        mode, it is marked `multi'. Sessions marked as `unreachable' either
        live  on a different host or are `dead'.  An unreachable session is
        considered dead, when its name matches either the name of the local
        host,  or  the  specified parameter, if any.  See the -r flag for a
        description how to construct matches.  Sessions  marked  as  `dead'
        should be thoroughly checked and removed.  Ask your system adminis‐
        trator if you are not sure. Remove sessions with the -wipe option.

   -L   tells screen to turn on automatic output logging for the windows.

   -m   causes screen to ignore the $STY environment variable. With "screen
        -m"  creation  of  a  new  session  is enforced, regardless whether
        screen is called from within another screen session  or  not.  This
        flag has a special meaning in connection with the `-d' option:

   -d -m   Start  screen in "detached" mode. This creates a new session but
           doesn't attach to it. This is useful for system startup scripts.

   -D -m   This also starts screen in "detached" mode, but doesn't  fork  a
           new process. The command exits if the session terminates.

   -O   selects  a  more  optimal output mode for your terminal rather than
        true VT100 emulation (only affects  auto-margin  terminals  without
        `LP').   This  can also be set in your .screenrc by specifying `OP'
        in a "termcap" command.

   -p number_or_name|-|=|+
        Preselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach  to  a
        specific  window  or you want to send a command via the "-X" option
        to a specific window. As with screen's select command, "-"  selects
        the blank window. As a special case for reattach, "=" brings up the
        windowlist on the blank window, while a "+" will create a new  win‐
        dow. The command will not be executed if the specified window could
        not be found.

   -q   Suppress printing of error messages. In combination with "-ls"  the
        exit value is as follows: 9 indicates a directory without sessions.
        10 indicates a directory with running but not attachable  sessions.
        11 (or more) indicates 1 (or more) usable sessions.  In combination
        with "-r" the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that there  is
        no  session  to resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or
        more) sessions to resume  and  you  should  specify  which  one  to
        choose.  In all other cases "-q" has no effect.

   -Q   Some  commands  now can be queried from a remote session using this
        flag, e.g. 'screen -Q windows'. The commands will send the response
        to the stdout of the querying process. If there was an error in the
        command, then the querying process will exit with a  non-zero  sta‐
        tus.

        The commands that can be queried now are:
         echo
         info
         lastmsg
         number
         select
         time
         title
         windows

   -r [pid.tty.host]
   -r sessionowner/[pid.tty.host]
        resumes a detached screen session.  No other options (except combi‐
        nations with -d/-D) may be specified, though an optional prefix  of
        [pid.]tty.host  may  be  needed  to  distinguish  between  multiple
        detached screen sessions.  The second form is used  to  connect  to
        another  user's  screen  session which runs in multiuser mode. This
        indicates that screen should look for sessions  in  another  user's
        directory. This requires setuid-root.

   -R   attempts  to resume the first detached screen session it finds.  If
        successful, all other command-line  options  are  ignored.   If  no
        detached  session  exists, starts a new session using the specified
        options, just as if -R had not been specified. The option is set by
        default  if  screen  is  run as a login-shell (actually screen uses
        "-xRR" in that case).  For combinations with the -d/-D  option  see
        there.

   -s program
        sets  the  default  shell  to the program specified, instead of the
        value in the environment  variable  $SHELL  (or  "/bin/sh"  if  not
        defined).   This  can also be defined through the "shell" .screenrc
        command.

   -S sessionname
        When creating a new session, this option can be used to  specify  a
        meaningful  name  for the session. This name identifies the session
        for "screen -list" and "screen  -r"  actions.  It  substitutes  the
        default [tty.host] suffix.

   -t name
        sets the title (a.k.a.) for the default shell or specified program.
        See also the "shelltitle" .screenrc command.

   -T term
        Set the $TERM enviroment varible using the spcified term as opposed
        to the defualt setting of screen.

   -U   Run screen in UTF-8 mode. This option tells screen that your termi‐
        nal sends and understands UTF-8 encoded characters.  It  also  sets
        the default encoding for new windows to `utf8'.

   -v   Print version number.

   -wipe [match]
        does  the  same  as  "screen  -ls",  but removes destroyed sessions
        instead of marking them as `dead'.  An unreachable session is  con‐
        sidered  dead,  when  its name matches either the name of the local
        host, or the explicitly given parameter, if any.  See the  -r  flag
        for a description how to construct matches.

   -x   Attach  to  a  not  detached  screen session. (Multi display mode).
        Screen refuses to attach from within itself.   But  when  cascading
        multiple screens, loops are not detected; take care.

   -X   Send the specified command to a running screen session. You can use
        the -d or -r option to tell screen to look  only  for  attached  or
        detached  screen  sessions.  Note that this command doesn't work if
        the session is password protected.

   -4   Resolve hostnames only to IPv4 addresses.

   -6   Resolve hostnames only to IPv6 addresses.

DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS
As mentioned, each screen command consists of a “C-a” followed by one
other character. For your convenience, all commands that are bound to
lower-case letters are also bound to their control character counter‐
parts (with the exception of “C-a a”; see below), thus, “C-a c” as well
as “C-a C-c” can be used to create a window. See section “CUSTOMIZATION”
for a description of the command.

   The following table shows the default key bindings:

   C-a '       (select)      Prompt  for  a window name or number to switch
                             to.

   C-a "       (windowlist -b)
                             Present a list of all windows for selection.

   C-a 0       (select 0)
    ...           ...
   C-a 9       (select 9)
   C-a -       (select -)    Switch to window number 0 - 9, or to the blank
                             window.

   C-a tab     (focus)       Switch  the  input  focus  to the next region.
                             See also split, remove, only.

   C-a C-a     (other)       Toggle to  the  window  displayed  previously.
                             Note that this binding defaults to the command
                             character typed twice, unless overridden.  For
                             instance,  if  you use the option "-e]x", this
                             command becomes "]]".

   C-a a       (meta)        Send the command character  (C-a)  to  window.
                             See escape command.

   C-a A       (title)       Allow the user to enter a name for the current
                             window.

   C-a b
   C-a C-b     (break)       Send a break to window.

   C-a B       (pow_break)   Reopen the terminal line and send a break.

   C-a c
   C-a C-c     (screen)      Create a new window with a shell and switch to
                             that window.

   C-a C       (clear)       Clear the screen.

   C-a d
   C-a C-d     (detach)      Detach screen from this terminal.

   C-a D D     (pow_detach)  Detach and logout.

   C-a f
   C-a C-f     (flow)        Toggle flow on, off or auto.

   C-a F       (fit)         Resize the window to the current region size.

   C-a C-g     (vbell)       Toggles screen's visual bell mode.

   C-a h       (hardcopy)    Write  a hardcopy of the current window to the
                             file "hardcopy.n".

   C-a H       (log)         Begins/ends logging of the current  window  to
                             the file "screenlog.n".

   C-a i
   C-a C-i     (info)        Show info about this window.

   C-a k
   C-a C-k     (kill)        Destroy current window.

   C-a l
   C-a C-l     (redisplay)   Fully refresh current window.

   C-a L       (login)       Toggle this windows login slot. Available only
                             if screen is configured  to  update  the  utmp
                             database.

   C-a m
   C-a C-m     (lastmsg)     Repeat  the last message displayed in the mes‐
                             sage line.

   C-a M       (monitor)     Toggles monitoring of the current window.

   C-a space
   C-a n
   C-a C-n     (next)        Switch to the next window.

   C-a N       (number)      Show the number (and  title)  of  the  current
                             window.

   C-a backspace
   C-a h
   C-a p
   C-a C-p     (prev)        Switch to the previous window (opposite of C-a
                             n).

   C-a q
   C-a C-q     (xon)         Send a control-q to the current window.

   C-a Q       (only)        Delete all regions but the current  one.   See
                             also split, remove, focus.

   C-a r
   C-a C-r     (wrap)        Toggle  the current window's line-wrap setting
                             (turn the current window's  automatic  margins
                             on and off).

   C-a s
   C-a C-s     (xoff)        Send a control-s to the current window.

   C-a S       (split)       Split the current region horizontally into two
                             new ones.  See also only, remove, focus.

   C-a t
   C-a C-t     (time)        Show system information.

   C-a v       (version)     Display the version and compilation date.

   C-a C-v     (digraph)     Enter digraph.

   C-a w
   C-a C-w     (windows)     Show a list of window.

   C-a W       (width)       Toggle 80/132 columns.

   C-a x
   C-a C-x     (lockscreen)  Lock this terminal.

   C-a X       (remove)      Kill the  current  region.   See  also  split,
                             only, focus.

   C-a z
   C-a C-z     (suspend)     Suspend screen.  Your system must support BSD-
                             style job-control.

   C-a Z       (reset)       Reset the virtual terminal to  its  "power-on"
                             values.

   C-a .       (dumptermcap) Write out a ".termcap" file.

   C-a ?       (help)        Show key bindings.

   C-a C-\     (quit)        Kill all windows and terminate screen.

   C-a :       (colon)       Enter command line mode.

   C-a [
   C-a C-[
   C-a esc     (copy)        Enter copy/scrollback mode.

   C-a C-]
   C-a ]       (paste .)     Write  the contents of the paste buffer to the
                             stdin queue of the current window.

   C-a {
   C-a }       (history)     Copy and paste a previous (command) line.

   C-a >       (writebuf)    Write paste buffer to a file.

   C-a <       (readbuf)     Reads the screen-exchange file into the  paste
                             buffer.

   C-a =       (removebuf)   Removes the file used by C-a < and C-a >.

   C-a ,       (license)     Shows  where  screen comes from, where it went
                             to and why you can use it.

   C-a _       (silence)     Start/stop monitoring the current  window  for
                             inactivity.

   C-a |       (split -v)    Split  the  current region vertically into two
                             new ones.

   C-a *       (displays)    Show a listing of all currently attached  dis‐
                             plays.