directx 3d 实例#include
#include "d3d9.h"
#include "d3dx9.h"
#include "Direct3D.h"
// Direct3D objects
IDirect3D9 *g_pD3D = NULL;
IDirect3DDevice9 *g_pD3DDevice = NULL;
// Sky vertex structure, fvf, vertex buffer, and texture
typedef struct {
float x, y, z, rhw;
float u, v;
} sSkyVertex;
#define SKYFVF (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_TEX1)
IDirect3DVertexBuffer9 *g_SkyVB = NULL;
IDirect3DTexture9 *g_SkyTexture = NULL;
// Land and water meshes
D3DXMESHCONTAINER_EX *g_WaterMesh = NULL;
D3DXMESHCONTAINER_EX *g_LandMesh = NULL;
// Window class and caption text
char g_szClass[] = "TextureTransformationClass";
char g_szCaption[] = "Texture Transformation Demo by Jim Adams";
// Function prototypes
int PASCAL WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrev, LPSTR szCmdLine, int nCmdShow);
long FAR PASCAL WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
void Matrix4x4To3x3(D3DXMATRIX *matOut, D3DXMATRIX *matIn);
BOOL DoInit(HWND hWnd, BOOL Windowed = TRUE);
void DoShutdown();
void DoFrame();
int PASCAL WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrev, LPSTR szCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
MSG Msg;
HWND hWnd;
// Initialize the COM system
CoInitialize(NULL);
// Create the window class here and register it
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(wcex);
wcex.style = CS_CLASSDC;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInst;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = NULL;
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = g_szClass;
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return FALSE;
// Create the main window
hWnd = CreateWindow(g_szClass, g_szCaption,
WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_MINIMIZEBOX,
0, 0, 640, 480,
NULL, NULL, hInst, NULL);
if(!hWnd)
return FALSE;
ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_NORMAL);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
// Call init function and enter message pump
if(DoInit(hWnd) == TRUE) {
// Start message pump, waiting for user to exit
ZeroMemory(&Msg, sizeof(MSG));
while(Msg.message != WM_QUIT) {
if(PeekMessage(&Msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) {
TranslateMessage(&Msg);
DispatchMessage(&Msg);
}
// Render a single frame
DoFrame();
}
}
// Call shutdown
DoShutdown();
// Unregister the window class
UnregisterClass(g_szClass, hInst);
// Shut down the COM system
CoUninitialize();
return 0;
}
long FAR PASCAL WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, \
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
// Only handle window destruction messages
switch(uMsg) {
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
BOOL DoInit(HWND hWnd, BOOL Windowed)
{
// Initialize Direct3D
InitD3D(&g_pD3D, &g_pD3DDevice, hWnd);
// Load the land and water meshes
LoadMesh(&g_WaterMesh, g_pD3DDevice, "..\\Data\\Water.x", "..\\Data\\");
LoadMesh(&g_LandMesh, g_pD3DDevice, "..\\Data\\Land.x", "..\\Data\\");
// Create the sky backdrop
sSkyVertex SkyVerts[4] = {
{ 0.0f, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f },
{ 640.0f, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f },
{ 0.0f, 480.0, 1.0, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f },
{ 640.0f, 480.0, 1.0, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }
};
g_pD3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(sizeof(SkyVerts), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, SKYFVF, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_SkyVB, NULL);
char *Ptr;
g_SkyVB->Lock(0,0, (void**)&Ptr, 0);
memcpy(Ptr, SkyVerts, sizeof(SkyVerts));
g_SkyVB->Unlock();
D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(g_pD3DDevice, "..\\Data\\Sky.bmp", &g_SkyTexture);
// Setup a light
D3DLIGHT9 Light;
ZeroMemory(&Light, sizeof(Light));
Light.Diffuse.r = Light.Diffuse.g = Light.Diffuse.b = Light.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;
Light.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
D3DXVECTOR3 vecLight = D3DXVECTOR3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.5f);
D3DXVec3Normalize(&vecLight, &vecLight);
Light.Direction = vecLight;
g_pD3DDevice->SetLight(0, &Light);
g_pD3DDevice->LightEnable(0, TRUE);
// Start playing a waterfall sound
PlaySound("..\\Data\\Waterfall.wav", NULL, SND_ASYNC | SND_LOOP);
return TRUE;
}
void DoShutdown()
{
// Stop playing an ocean sound
PlaySound(NULL, NULL, 0);
// Free meshes
delete g_WaterMesh; g_WaterMesh = NULL;
delete g_LandMesh; g_LandMesh = NULL;
// Release sky data
ReleaseCOM(g_SkyVB);
ReleaseCOM(g_SkyTexture);
// Release D3D objects
ReleaseCOM(g_pD3DDevice);
ReleaseCOM(g_pD3D);
}
void DoFrame()
{
// Create and set the view transformation
D3DXMATRIX matView;
D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView, &D3DXVECTOR3(360.0f, -170.0f, -430.0f),
&D3DXVECTOR3(65.0f, 70.0f, -15.0f),
&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);
// Clear the device and start drawing the scene
g_pD3DDevice->Clear(NULL, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_RGBA(0,0,64,255), 1.0, 0);
if(SUCCEEDED(g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene())) {
// Set identity matrix for world transformation
D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&matWorld);
g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld);
// Draw the sky
g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(SKYFVF);
g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_SkyVB, 0, sizeof(sSkyVertex));
g_pD3DDevice->SetTexture(0, g_SkyTexture);
g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 2);
// Enable lighting
g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);
// Draw the land meshes
DrawMeshes(g_LandMesh);
// Setup the texture transformation
float TimeFactor = (float)(timeGetTime() / 500.0f);
D3DXMATRIX matTexture;
D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTexture, 0.0f, -TimeFactor, 0.0f);
Matrix4x4To3x3(&matTexture, &matTexture);
g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_TEXTURE0, &matTexture);
g_pD3DDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,
D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS,
D3DTTFF_COUNT2);
// Draw the water (using alpha blending)
DrawMeshes(g_WaterMesh);
g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, FALSE);
// Disable lighting
g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);
// Turn off texture transformations
g_pD3DDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,
D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS,
D3DTTFF_DISABLE);
// End the scene
g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the scene to the user
g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
void Matrix4x4To3x3(D3DXMATRIX *matOut, D3DXMATRIX *matIn)
{
matOut->_11 = matIn->_11; // Copy over 1st row
matOut->_12 = matIn->_12;
matOut->_13 = matIn->_13;
matOut->_14 = 0.0f;
matOut->_21 = matIn->_21; // Copy over 2nd row
matOut->_22 = matIn->_22;
matOut->_23 = matIn->_23;
matOut->_24 = 0.0f;
matOut->_31 = matIn->_41; // Copy bottom row
matOut->_32 = matIn->_42; // used for translation
matOut->_33 = matIn->_43;
matOut->_34 = 0.0f;
matOut->_41 = 0.0f; // Clear the bottom row
matOut->_42 = 0.0f;
matOut->_43 = 0.0f;
matOut->_44 = 1.0f;
}
本文对比了使用D3DXCreateTexture与LPDIRECT3DDEVICE8::CreateTexture创建非2次方图片纹理的区别。前者会自动调整纹理尺寸到最接近的2次方数，后者则保持原始尺寸。此外还讨论了纹理填充时的注意事项。
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