Traceroute的实现

本文介绍了一种通过发送UDP数据报并逐步增加TTL值来确定数据包在网络中经过的路由器的方法。当数据报到达每个路由器时,由于TTL值减至0会被丢弃,并由该路由器返回ICMP超时报文;当数据报到达目标主机时,则会收到ICMP端口不可达报文。

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开始发送一个TTL为1的UDP数据报,然后将TTL字段每次加1,以确定路径中的每个路由器。每个路由器在丢弃UDP数据报时都会返回一个ICMP超时报文2,而最终目的主机则产生一个ICMP端口不可抵达的报文。

DDU ICMP controls consist of 3 controls : TDDUOSPING - A non blocking PING protocolTDDUOSTRACEROUTE - A non blocking TraceRoute ProtocolTDDUOSDNS - A non blocking ARP/RARP controlAbout TDDUOSDNS :Host names are resolved to IP addresses, and IP address can be resolved to host names. If you enter an IP into the ADDRESS property, the HOST property will be completed, and the OnHostLookup event will occur. If you enter an IP or a HOST name into the HOST property, the ADDRESS property will be completed, and the OnAddressLookup event will occure. The runtime property OK can be queried to see if the lookup was successful. To reduce lookup overhead, an IP/Hostname cache can be used by setting the UseIPCache property to true. The cache is only persistent for the current session, and maynot be saved between sessions. You can use FlushIPCache method to clear the cache.When combined with the other controls in this package, the delay normally associated with connecting a socket can be avoided. Each control must have a unique TDDUOSDNS control.About the Demo :The demo project shows how to use each control. The TDDUOSDNS control is shown both in combination with other controls, and used independantly. DNS not an ICMP protocol, but it is included to prevent the windows application from blocking.Blocking is when your windows program stops responding to messages, waiting for a call to return. Normally, all calls blocks for a very short time, and is not noticable - but when you have to wait for 5 or 10 seconds or even longer, the application can appear to be crashed. By using threads, callback messages, and events, I have illustrated how it is possible to avoid blocking in an application.These controls form a custom set of TCP/IP controls I have been developing over the past year. The ICMP controls were written over the period of a week, and I consulted several references for information. I would like to thank Quinn Shute for his excellent book "Windows Socket Network Programming&
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