重装显卡驱动记录

任务

晚上回来，开电脑，发现总是进不去系统（这个情况我经常见），但偶尔进系统，识别不了我的外接屏（这个第一次见）。来来回回重启了1h多了还是这个现象。无奈，只能重装驱动了。

记录

现状描述

上一次开机运行nvidia-smi还有显示，但显存占用是0.这次运行，直接没了：

NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

运行xrandr，还是和以前一样，没有识别到外接屏：

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 2560 x 1440, maximum 16384 x 16384
eDP-1 connected primary 2560x1440+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 215mm
   2560x1600    165.00 +  60.00 +  59.99    59.97  
   2560x1440     59.99    59.99*   59.96    59.95  
   2048x1536     85.00    75.00    60.00  
   1920x1440     85.00    75.00    60.00  
   1856x1392     75.00    60.01  
   1792x1344     75.00    60.01  
   2048x1152     59.99    59.98    59.90    59.91  
   1920x1200     59.88    59.95  
   1920x1080     60.01    59.97    59.96    59.93  
   1600x1200     85.00    75.00    70.00    65.00    60.00  
   1680x1050     84.94    74.89    69.88    59.95    59.88  
   1600x1024     60.17  
   1400x1050     85.00    74.76    70.00    59.98  
   1600x900      59.99    59.94    59.95    59.82  
   1280x1024     85.02    75.02    60.02  
   1440x900      59.89  
   1400x900      59.96    59.88  
   1280x960      85.00    60.00  
   1440x810      60.00    59.97  
   1368x768      59.88    59.85  
   1360x768      59.80    59.96  
   1280x800      59.99    59.97    59.81    59.91  
   1152x864     100.00    85.06    85.00    75.00    75.00    70.00    60.00  
   1280x720      60.00    59.99    59.86    59.74  
   1024x768      85.00    75.05    60.04    85.00    75.03    70.07    60.00  
   1024x768i     86.96  
   960x720       85.00    75.00    60.00  
   928x696       75.00    60.05  
   896x672       75.05    60.01  
   1024x576      59.95    59.96    59.90    59.82  
   960x600       59.93    60.00  
   832x624       74.55  
   960x540       59.96    59.99    59.63    59.82  
   800x600       85.00    75.00    70.00    65.00    60.00    85.14    72.19    75.00    60.32    56.25  
   840x525       85.02    74.96    69.88    60.01    59.88  
   864x486       59.92    59.57  
   800x512       60.17  
   700x525       85.08    74.76    70.06    59.98  
   800x450       59.95    59.82  
   640x512       85.02    75.02    60.02  
   720x450       59.89  
   700x450       59.96    59.88  
   640x480       85.09    60.00    85.01    72.81    75.00    59.94  
   720x405       59.51    58.99  
   720x400       85.04  
   684x384       59.88    59.85  
   680x384       59.80    59.96  
   640x400       59.88    59.98    85.08  
   576x432      100.11    85.15    85.09    75.00    75.00    70.00    60.06  
   640x360       59.86    59.83    59.84    59.32  
   640x350       85.08  
   512x384       85.00    75.03    70.07    60.00  
   512x384i      87.06  
   512x288       60.00    59.92  
   416x312       74.66  
   480x270       59.63    59.82  
   400x300       85.27    72.19    75.12    60.32    56.34  
   432x243       59.92    59.57  
   320x240       85.18    72.81    75.00    60.05  
   360x202       59.51    59.13  
   360x200       85.04  
   320x200       85.27  
   320x180       59.84    59.32  
   320x175       85.27  
DP-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

打开软件和更新，查看附加驱动：

执行情况

我打算先换成nvidia-driver-525-server这个驱动。点击，然后应用更改，出现了如下离谱情况：

关闭也关闭不了。现在重启一次电脑吧。
这会查看显卡驱动，竟然这样了：

Command 'nvidia-smi' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install nvidia-utils-435         # version 435.21-0ubuntu7, or
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-440         # version 440.82+really.440.64-0ubuntu6
sudo apt install nvidia-340               # version 340.108-0ubuntu5.20.04.2
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-390         # version 390.157-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-450-server  # version 450.248.02-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-470         # version 470.223.02-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-470-server  # version 470.223.02-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-525         # version 525.147.05-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-525-server  # version 525.147.05-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-535         # version 535.129.03-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-535-server  # version 535.129.03-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
sudo apt install nvidia-utils-418-server  # version 418.226.00-0ubuntu0.20.04.2

应用和更新中，现在的驱动也变成了一个开源驱动，所以我选择回到525：

还是老错误，出一个大白条。
因为老出这个问题，我就不用他更新了，我用命令行更新。
查看可用驱动：

ubuntu-drivers devices

我就装那个recommended的：

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-535-server-open

然后重启电脑。
不行，没有图形界面了。只能ctrl alt fn f2进入tty界面，然后：

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-525

再重启，解决了。进来了。