使用pip/pip3安装第三方模块,出现Cannot unpack file xxx的问题的解决以及pip安装速度慢或出现readtime out问题的解决。

本文详细介绍了在Mac、Linux和Windows平台上使用pip安装requests模块的方法。针对安装过程中的超时问题,提供了使用国内源(如豆瓣源和清华源)的解决方案,并解决了权限错误问题,确保了安装过程的顺利进行。

本方法应该适应于mac和linux和windows,因为我mac上是有多个版本的,所以我在使用pip3,大家灵活搭配.

1.使用常规方法安装模块

pip3 install requests

2.显示time_out,也就是超时,这种问题,一般用国内源就好了.我使用的是豆瓣源.

pip3 install https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ requests

但是使用这种方法提示:

Cannot unpack file /private/var/folders/3n/vbc9phdd7k1fsdj1p4x90kzw0000gn/T/pip-unpack-cf6vtali/simple.htm (downloaded from /private/var/folders/3n/vbc9phdd7k1fsdj1p4x90kzw0000gn/T/pip-req-build-6mac1w3c, content-type: text/html); cannot detect archive format

Cannot determine archive format of /private/var/folders/3n/vbc9phdd7k1fsdj1p4x90kzw0000gn/T/pip-req-build-6mac1w3c

附上终端显示情况:

翻找了一下解决方案,最终用以下方案搞定:

别人的解决方案是使用的清华源:

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple --trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn requests

但是经过使用它又会报错:

Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/3.7/site-packages/certifi'

Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

于是给它前面添加sudo最高权限

sudo pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple --trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn requests

完美安装.

经过分析发现主要是其--trusted-host解决的问题

也就是说可以这么使用

sudo pip3 install --trusted-host https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ requests

完美解决

 

Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher yield File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 519, in read data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b"" File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py", line 62, in read data = self.__fp.read(amt) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/http/client.py", line 459, in read n = self.readinto(b) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/http/client.py", line 503, in readinto n = self.fp.readinto(b) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/socket.py", line 704, in readinto return self._sock.recv_into(b) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ssl.py", line 1241, in recv_into return self.read(nbytes, buffer) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ssl.py", line 1099, in read return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer) socket.timeout: The read operation timed out During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 173, in _main status = self.run(options, args) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 203, in wrapper return func(self, options, args) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 315, in run requirement_set = resolver.resolve( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py", line 94, in resolve result = self._result = resolver.resolve( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 472, in resolve state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 341, in resolve self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria if not criterion.candidates: File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/structs.py", line 151, in __bool__ return bool(self._sequence) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 140, in __bool__ return any(self) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 128, in <genexpr> return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 32, in _iter_built candidate = func() File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/factory.py", line 204, in _make_candidate_from_link self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 295, in __init__ super().__init__( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 156, in __init__ self.dist = self._prepare() File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 227, in _prepare dist = self._prepare_distribution() File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 305, in _prepare_distribution return self._factory.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 508, in prepare_linked_requirement return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 550, in _prepare_linked_requirement local_file = unpack_url( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 239, in unpack_url file = get_http_url( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 102, in get_http_url from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 145, in __call__ for chunk in chunks: File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 144, in iter for x in it: File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks for chunk in response.raw.stream( File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 576, in stream data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 541, in read raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/contextlib.py", line 135, in __exit__ self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback) File "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.") pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=&#39;files.pythonhosted.org&#39;, port=443): Read timed out. WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.4; however, version 25.3 is available. You should consider upgrading via the &#39;/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip&#39; command.
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