Android实例——AS问题记录

AS导入项目

• 打开一个正常的项目
• 打开待导入的项目，一般都会报错
• 将正常项目的build.gradle(project)复制到新项目，目的是同步gradle plugin
• 将正常项目的gradle-wrapper.properties中的distributionUrl复制到新项目，目的是同步gradle

Gradle plugin和Gradle版本对应关系

随时可能更新，更具体的可看官网

Gradle plugin和Gradle版本可在File——Project Structure中查看，需要保证上面的最低版本对应

Gradle下载代理配置

修改gradle-wrapper.properties中distributionUrl的地址

distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.9-bin.zip

distributionUrl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/gradle/gradle-8.9-bin.zip

修改build.gradle(.kts)或settings.gradle(.kts)（不同版本AS位置可能不同）

• 在pluginManagement、dependencyResolutionManagement或buildscript、allprojects代码块里添加如下
• 简单来说，就是google()/mavenCentral()它们在哪，就加到它们前面
• 仓库地址可能会变，可以查看https://maven.aliyun.com给出的仓库

repositories {
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central' }
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin' }
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots' }
}

AS导入依赖

在http://www.mvnrepository.com找到要导入的模块，选择Gradle

AS导入Jar

将Jar复制到libs，然后右键选择Add As Library

报错Could not create parent directory for lock file

检查gradle user home是否为默认目录

报错Could not find com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0.

按照提示点击Add google Maven repository and sync project

报错Could not resolve all files for configuration ‘:classpath’.

A problem occurred configuring root project 'OTA'.
> Could not resolve all files for configuration ':classpath'.
   > Could not resolve com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0.
     Required by:
         project :
      > No matching variant of com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0 was found. The consumer was configured to find a library for use during runtime, compatible with Java 8, packaged as a jar, and its dependencies declared externally, as well as attribute 'org.gradle.plugin.api-version' with value '8.0' but:
          - Variant 'apiElements' capability com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0 declares a library, packaged as a jar, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Incompatible because this component declares a component for use during compile-time, compatible with Java 11 and the consumer needed a component for use during runtime, compatible with Java 8
              - Other compatible attribute:
                  - Doesn't say anything about org.gradle.plugin.api-version (required '8.0')
          - Variant 'javadocElements' capability com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0 declares a component for use during runtime, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Incompatible because this component declares documentation and the consumer needed a library
              - Other compatible attributes:
                  - Doesn't say anything about its target Java version (required compatibility with Java 8)
                  - Doesn't say anything about its elements (required them packaged as a jar)
                  - Doesn't say anything about org.gradle.plugin.api-version (required '8.0')
          - Variant 'runtimeElements' capability com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0 declares a library for use during runtime, packaged as a jar, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Incompatible because this component declares a component, compatible with Java 11 and the consumer needed a component, compatible with Java 8
              - Other compatible attribute:
                  - Doesn't say anything about org.gradle.plugin.api-version (required '8.0')
          - Variant 'sourcesElements' capability com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.0.0 declares a component for use during runtime, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Incompatible because this component declares documentation and the consumer needed a library
              - Other compatible attributes:
                  - Doesn't say anything about its target Java version (required compatibility with Java 8)
                  - Doesn't say anything about its elements (required them packaged as a jar)
                  - Doesn't say anything about org.gradle.plugin.api-version (required '8.0')

上面报错关键为组件在JDK11编译，当前环境为Java8

Incompatible because this component declares a component for use during compile-time, compatible with Java 11 and the consumer needed a component for use during runtime, compatible with Java 8

点击File——Project Structure

点击Gradle Settings，选择大于11的SDK（我选择的是17）

报错Could not find method compile() for arguments

修改build.gralde(app)，将dependencies中的compile改为implementation

报错Out of memory: Java heap space

help-Change Memory Settings修改堆的大小

在gradle-wrapper.properties设置堆和元空间大小

org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx8192m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m

怎么改都溢出，最后发现是导入的AOSP的Framework.jar中的java文件参与了运行，将implementation改为compileOnly

compileOnly files('libs\\classes.jar')

报错Google Play requires that apps target API level XX or higher.

谷歌商店上架应用API不小于XX，可在build.gralde(app)的andoird配置里添加lintOptions取消检查

android {
    ......
    lintOptions{
        checkReleaseBuilds false
        abortOnError false
    }
    ......
}

报错-source 1.7 中不支持 lambda 表达式

确保File-Project Structure中的JDK大于1.8

build.gradle添加如下设置

android {
    ......
    compileOptions{
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

import或open选择目录时显示Loading或点击刷新加载不出新文件夹

点击File-Repair IDE按照步骤修复IDE

你的主机中的软件中止了一个已建立的连接

下载Gradle失败，需要切换到可以下载的网络

Namespace not specified. Specify a namespace in the module’s build file

setting.gradle中include指定的每一个模块的build.gradle都要添加namespace

android {
    namespace "包名"
    ......
 }

No cached version available for offline mode

Settings-Builds, Execution, Deployment-Gradle下面将Offline work取消

如果上面没有，则可能是Compiler参数添加了offline