安卓实例——统一动画

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自定义控件动画

适用场景：当父View和子View属于同一部分，不需要处理子View任何事件
优点：控件可复用
缺点：动画种类有限，较难实现复杂动画

在res目录新建attr.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <declare-styleable name="ScaleLinearLayout">
        <attr name="pressScaleX" format="float" />
        <attr name="pressScaleY" format="float" />
        <attr name="pressAlpha" format="float" />
        <attr name="pressDuration" format="integer" />
        <attr name="releaseDuration" format="integer" />
    </declare-styleable>
</resources>

如下代码，控件点击后通过缩放动画实现点击效果

public class ScaleLinearLayout extends LinearLayout implements View.OnTouchListener {
    private static final String TAG = "ScaleLinearLayout";

    private static final float DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_X = 1f;
    private static final float DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_Y = 1f;
    private static final float DEFAULT_PRESSED_SCALE_X = 0.95f;
    private static final float DEFAULT_PRESSED_SCALE_Y = 0.95f;

    private static final float DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_ALPHA = 1f;
    private static final float DEFAULT_PRESSED_ALPHA = 0.4f;
    private static final int DEFAULT_PRESS_DURATION = 120;
    private static final int DEFAULT_RELEASE_DURATION = 120;

    private float mPressScaleX;
    private float mPressScaleY;
    private float mPressAlpha;
    private int mPressDuration;
    private int mReleaseDuration;
    private AnimatorSet currentAnimatorSet;

    public ScaleLinearLayout(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public ScaleLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public ScaleLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initAttr(context, attrs);
        initListener();
    }

    private void initAttr(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        try (TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout)) {
            mPressScaleX = ta.getFloat(R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout_pressScaleX, DEFAULT_PRESSED_SCALE_X);
            mPressScaleY = ta.getFloat(R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout_pressScaleY, DEFAULT_PRESSED_SCALE_Y);
            mPressAlpha = ta.getFloat(R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout_pressAlpha, DEFAULT_PRESSED_ALPHA);
            mPressDuration = ta.getInteger(R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout_pressDuration, DEFAULT_PRESS_DURATION);
            mReleaseDuration = ta.getInteger(R.styleable.ScaleLinearLayout_releaseDuration, DEFAULT_RELEASE_DURATION);
            Log.d(TAG, "initAttr: mPressScaleX = " + mPressScaleX);
            Log.d(TAG, "initAttr: mPressScaleY = " + mPressScaleY);
            Log.d(TAG, "initAttr: mPressAlpha = " + mPressAlpha);
            Log.d(TAG, "initAttr: mPressDuration = " + mPressDuration);
            Log.d(TAG, "initAttr: mReleaseDuration = " + mReleaseDuration);
            ta.recycle();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void initListener() {
        setOnTouchListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        return true;    // 父view拦截所有触摸/点击事件
    }

    private void press() {
        Log.d(TAG, "press: ");
        ObjectAnimator scaleXAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "scaleX", DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_X, mPressScaleX);
        ObjectAnimator scaleYAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "scaleY", DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_Y, mPressScaleY);
        ObjectAnimator alphaAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "alpha", DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_ALPHA, mPressAlpha);

        scaleXAnimator.setDuration(mPressDuration);
        scaleYAnimator.setDuration(mPressDuration);
        alphaAnimator.setDuration(mPressDuration);

        currentAnimatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        currentAnimatorSet.playTogether(scaleXAnimator, scaleYAnimator, alphaAnimator);
        currentAnimatorSet.start();
    }

    private void release() {
        Log.d(TAG, "release: ");
        ObjectAnimator scaleXAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "scaleX", mPressScaleX, DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_X);
        ObjectAnimator scaleYAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "scaleY", mPressScaleY, DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_SCALE_Y);
        ObjectAnimator alphaAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(this, "alpha", mPressAlpha, DEFAULT_ORIGINAL_ALPHA);

        scaleXAnimator.setDuration(mReleaseDuration);
        scaleYAnimator.setDuration(mReleaseDuration);
        alphaAnimator.setDuration(mReleaseDuration);

        currentAnimatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        currentAnimatorSet.playTogether(scaleXAnimator, scaleYAnimator, alphaAnimator);
        currentAnimatorSet.start();
    }

    private void stopCurrentAnimator() {
        if (currentAnimatorSet != null && currentAnimatorSet.isRunning()) {
            Log.d(TAG, "stopCurrentAnimator: ");
            currentAnimatorSet.cancel();
            currentAnimatorSet = null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
        int action = event.getAction();
        Log.d(TAG, "ScaleLinearLayout: action = " + action);
        switch (action) {
            case ACTION_DOWN:
                stopCurrentAnimator();
                press();
                break;
            case ACTION_UP:
            case ACTION_CANCEL:
                stopCurrentAnimator();
                release();
                break;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

使用时可指定动画参数

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:custom="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <com.example.demo0.ScaleLinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/btn_container"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:background="#1A181818"
        android:gravity="center"
        custom:pressAlpha="0.5"
        custom:pressDuration="200"
        custom:releaseDuration="200">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv"
            android:layout_width="50dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_marginStart="10dp"
            android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginLeft="30px"
            android:text="按钮"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

    </com.example.demo0.ScaleLinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

一次性动画

适用场景：动画只运行一次
优点：可以使用复杂动画，并同时对多个View使用
缺点：无法控制动画暂停/开始

startAnimation()可以统一执行动画

public class AnimUtil {
    public static void startAnimation(List<Animator> objectAnimatorList,
                                      AnimatorListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
        AnimatorSet animatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        List<Animator> animators = new ArrayList<>(objectAnimatorList);
        animatorSet.playTogether(animators);
        if (listenerAdapter != null) {
            animatorSet.addListener(listenerAdapter);
        }
        animatorSet.start();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv1"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv2"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="10dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_background" />
</LinearLayout>

对于上面两个ImageView，点击时消失，然后显示第一个

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private ImageView mIv1;
    private ImageView mIv2;
    private List<ImageView> mHideList;
    private List<ImageView> mShowList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mIv1 = findViewById(R.id.iv1);
        mIv2 = findViewById(R.id.iv2);


        mHideList = List.of(mIv1, mIv2);
        mShowList = List.of(mIv1);

        mIv1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                hideView();
            }
        });
    }

    private void hideView() {
        AnimUtil.startAnimation(createHideAnimation(mHideList), new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                mHideList.forEach(v -> v.setVisibility(View.GONE));
                showView();
            }
        });
    }

    private void showView() {
        AnimUtil.startAnimation(createShowAnimation(mShowList), new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                super.onAnimationEnd(animation);
                mShowList.forEach(v -> v.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE));
            }
        });
    }

    private List<Animator> createHideAnimation(List<? extends View> views) {
        List<Animator> animators = new ArrayList<>();
        for (View view : views) {
            ObjectAnimator alphaAnim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, "alpha", 1f, 0f);
            alphaAnim.setDuration(500);
            animators.add(alphaAnim);
        }
        return animators;
    }

    private List<Animator> createShowAnimation(List<? extends View> views) {
        List<Animator> animators = new ArrayList<>();
        for (View view : views) {
            ObjectAnimator alphaAnim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, "alpha", 0f, 1f);
            alphaAnim.setDuration(500);
            animators.add(alphaAnim);
        }
        return animators;
    }
}

可控制动画

适用场景：循环动画，需要控制动画
优点：可以使用复杂动画，并同时对多个View使用
缺点：若控制不当可能导致内存泄露

如下对多个View循环改变透明度

public class AlphaCycleAnimator {

    private static final String TAG = "AlphaCycleAnimator";
    private static final float FULL_ALPHA = 1.0f;
    private static final float PARTIAL_ALPHA = 0.6f;
    private static final long DURATION = 600;

    private AnimatorSet animatorSet;
    private List<View> targetViews;

    public AlphaCycleAnimator(List<View> views) {
        this.targetViews = views;
        this.animatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        setupAnimation();
    }

    private void setupAnimation() {
        AnimatorSet forwardSet = createAlphaAnimator(FULL_ALPHA, PARTIAL_ALPHA);
        AnimatorSet reverseSet = createAlphaAnimator(PARTIAL_ALPHA, FULL_ALPHA);

        // 组合动画形成循环
        animatorSet.playSequentially(forwardSet, reverseSet);
        animatorSet.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationEnd(android.animation.Animator animation) {
                Log.d(TAG, "onAnimationEnd: ");
                animatorSet.start(); // 动画结束后重新开始
            }
        });
    }

    private AnimatorSet createAlphaAnimator(float fromAlpha, float toAlpha) {
        AnimatorSet set = new AnimatorSet();
        for (View view : targetViews) {
            ObjectAnimator animator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, "alpha", fromAlpha, toAlpha);
            animator.setDuration(DURATION);
            set.playTogether(animator);
        }
        return set;
    }

    public void start() {
        Log.d(TAG, "start: ");
        if (animatorSet != null && !animatorSet.isRunning()) {
            animatorSet.start();
        }
    }

    public void stop() {
        Log.d(TAG, "stop: ");
        if (animatorSet != null && animatorSet.isRunning()) {
            animatorSet.removeAllListeners();   // 需要先停止监听再取消，否则无法停止动画
            animatorSet.cancel();
            for (View view : targetViews) { // 停止动画后需要恢复透明度
                view.setAlpha(FULL_ALPHA);
            }
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv1"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv2"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="10dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_background" />
</LinearLayout>

对于如上2个ImageView，点击第一个开始动画，第二个结束动画

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private ImageView mIv1;
    private ImageView mIv2;
    AlphaCycleAnimator mInterruptCycleAnimator;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mIv1 = findViewById(R.id.iv1);
        mIv2 = findViewById(R.id.iv2);

        mIv1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (mInterruptCycleAnimator == null) {
                    mInterruptCycleAnimator = new AlphaCycleAnimator(Arrays.asList(mIv1, mIv2));
                }
                mInterruptCycleAnimator.start();
            }
        });

        mIv2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (mInterruptCycleAnimator != null) {
                    mInterruptCycleAnimator.stop();
                    mInterruptCycleAnimator = null;
                }
            }
        });
    }

}