linux的repo工具的入门

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repo 是一个工具,用于管理 Git 仓库的集合,尤其在 Android 开发中被广泛使用。它是 Google 为 Android 项目开发的,以简化对大量 Git 仓库的管理。

主要特点

多仓库管理:repo 允许同时管理多个 Git 仓库,可以轻松执行跨多个仓库的操作。
同步操作:可以从远程服务器同步代码,并且支持断点续传。
分支管理:方便地管理和切换多个分支。
提交和审核:集成了 Gerrit 代码审核工具,通过 repo 可以方便地提交和审核代码。

安装

首先,你需要 Python 环境(2.7 或 3.6+)。然后可以通过以下步骤安装 repo:

下载 repo 命令脚本:

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mkdir -p ~/bin
curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo
chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

将 repo 添加到 PATH:

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export PATH=~/bin:$PATH
你可以把这行命令添加到你的 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.zshrc 文件中以便每次登录时自动生效。

使用

初始化仓库
要初始化一个仓库集合,首先需要一个 manifest 文件,它定义了所有仓库及其各自的 URL 和分支。

创建工作目录:

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mkdir myproject
cd myproject

初始化 repo:

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repo init -u <URL to manifest repository> -b <branch>

比如,对于 Android 源码,可以这样做:

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repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b master

同步代码
初始化之后,你需要同步代码:

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repo sync

这个命令会下载并同步所有定义在 manifest 文件中的 Git 仓库。

其他常用命令
查看仓库状态:

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repo status

提交更改:

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repo upload

查看当前分支:

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repo branch

切换分支:

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repo start newbranch --all

示例工作流程

初始化仓库:

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repo init -u https://example.com/manifest.git -b main

同步代码:

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repo sync

创建新分支:

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repo start myfeature --all

进行开发和提交:

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git add .
git commit -m "Add new feature"

上传提交供审核:

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repo upload

repo 工具极大地简化了对大型项目中多个 Git 仓库的管理,非常适合 Android 或其他类似项目的开发。
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To make edits to changes after they have been uploaded, you should use a tool like git rebase -i or git commit --amend to update your local commits. After your edits are complete: Make sure the updated branch is the currently checked out branch. For each commit in the series, enter the Gerrit change ID inside the brackets: # Replacing from branch foo [ 3021 ] 35f2596c Refactor part of GetUploadableBranches to lookup one specific... [ 2829 ] ec18b4ba Update proto client to support patch set replacments # Insert change numbers in the brackets to add a new patch set. # To create a new change record, leave the brackets empty. After the upload is complete the changes will have an additional Patch Set. If you only want to upload the currently checked out Git branch, you can use the flag --current-branch (or --cbr for short). diff repo diff [<PROJECT_LIST>] Shows outstanding changes between commit and working tree using git diff. download repo download <TARGET> <CHANGE> Downloads the specified change from the review system and makes it available in your project's local working directory. For example, to download change 23823 into your platform/build directory: repo download platform/build 23823 A repo sync should effectively remove any commits retrieved via repo download. Or, you can check out the remote branch; e.g., git checkout m/master. Note: There is a slight mirroring lag between when a change is visible on the web in Gerrit and when repo download will be able to find it for all users, because of replication delays to all servers worldwide. forall repo forall [<PROJECT_LIST>] -c <COMMAND> Executes the given shell command in each project. The following additional environment variables are made available by repo forall: REPO_PROJECT is set to the unique name of the project. REPO_PATH is the path relative to the root of the client. REPO_REMOTE is the name of the remote system from the manifest. REPO_LREV is the name of the revision from the manifest, translated to a local tracking branch. Used if you need to pass the manifest revision to a locally executed git command. REPO_RREV is the name of the revision from the manifest, exactly as written in the manifest. Options: -c: command and arguments to execute. The command is evaluated through /bin/sh and any arguments after it are passed through as shell positional parameters. -p: show project headers before output of the specified command. This is achieved by binding pipes to the command's stdin, stdout, and sterr streams, and piping all output into a continuous stream that is displayed in a single pager session. -v: show messages the command writes to stderr. prune repo prune [<PROJECT_LIST>] Prunes (deletes) topics that are already merged. start repo start <BRANCH_NAME> [<PROJECT_LIST>] Begins a new branch for development, starting from the revision specified in the manifest. The <BRANCH_NAME> argument should provide a short description of the change you are trying to make to the projects.If you don't know, consider using the name default. The <PROJECT_LIST> specifies which projects will participate in this topic branch. Note: "." is a useful shorthand for the project in the current working directory. status repo status [<PROJECT_LIST>] Compares the working tree to the staging area (index) and the most recent commit on this branch (HEAD) in each project specified. Displays a summary line for each file where there is a difference between these three states. To see the status for only the current branch, run repo status. The status information will be listed by project. For each file in the project, a two-letter code is used: In the first column, an uppercase letter indicates how the staging area differs from the last committed state. letter meaning description - no change same in HEAD and index A added not in HEAD, in index M modified in HEAD, modified in index D deleted in HEAD, not in index R renamed not in HEAD, path changed in index C copied not in HEAD, copied from another in index T mode changed same content in HEAD and index, mode changed U unmerged conflict between HEAD and index; resolution required In the second column, a lowercase letter indicates how the working directory differs from the index. letter meaning description - new/unknown not in index, in work tree m modified in index, in work tree, modified d deleted in index, not in work tree Was this page helpful? Let us know how we did:
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