boost库的常用组件的使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 01:59:22 发布

pclili

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 01:59:22 发布

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文章标签： serialization archive function thread string functor

1.boost::any

boost::any是一种通用的数据类型，可以将各种类型包装后统一放入容器内
最重要的它是类型安全的。有点象COM里面的variant.

使用方法：
any::type() 返回包装的类型
any_cast可用于any到其他类型的转化

#include <boost/any.hpp>
void test_any()
{
typedef std::vector<boost::any> many;
many a;
a.push_back(2);
a.push_back(string("test"));

for(unsigned int i=0;i<a.size();++i)
{
  cout<<a[i].type().name()<<endl;
  try
  {
   int result = any_cast<int>(a[i]);
   cout<<result<<endl;
  }
  catch(boost::bad_any_cast & ex)
  {
   cout<<"cast error:"<<ex.what()<<endl;
  }
}
}

2.boost::array

boost::array仅仅是对数组一层薄薄的封装，提供跟各种算法配合的iterator,使用方法很简单
注意：可以使用{}来初始化array,因为array所有的成员变量都是public的

#include <boost/array.hpp>
void test_array()
{
array<int,10> ai = {1,2,3};

for(size_t i=0;i<ai.size();++i)
{
cout<<ai[i]<<endl;
}
}

3.boost::lexical_cast
lexical_cast用于将字符串转换成各种数字类型(int,float,short etc.)

#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
void test_lexical_cast()
{
int i = boost::lexical_cast<int>("123");
cout << i << endl;
}

4.boost::format
boost::format是用于替代c里面的sprintf，优点是类型安全，不会因为类型和参数不匹配而导致程序崩溃了
而且还可以重复使用参数

#include <boost/format.hpp>
void test_format()
{
cout << boost::format("writing %1%, x=%2% : %3%-th try") % "toto" % 40.23 % 50 <<endl;

format f("a=%1%,b=%2%,c=%3%,a=%1%");
f % "string" % 2 % 10.0;

cout << f.str() << endl;
}

5.boost::tokenizer
boost::tokenizer是用于切割字符串的，类似于Java里面的StringTokenizer。

#include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>

void test_tokenizer()

{

string s("This is , a ,test!");

boost::tokenizer<> tok(s);

for(tokenizer<>::iterator beg=tok.begin(); beg!=tok.end();++beg){

cout << *beg << "/n";

}

6.boost::thread
boost::thread是为了提供跨平台的thread机制。利用boost::function来完成委托。

#include <boost/thread.hpp>
void mythread()
{
cout<<"hello,thread!"<<endl;
}

void test_thread()
{
boost::function< void () > f(mythread);
boost::thread t(f);
t.join();
cout<<"thread is over!"<<endl;
}

7.boost::serialization
boost::serialization提供object的序列化功能。而且提供好几种序列化的格式，比如text,binary,xml

#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>

#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>

#include <boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp>

void test_serialization()

{

boost::archive::text_oarchive to(cout , boost::archive::no_header);

int i = 10;

string s = "This is a test/n";

to & i;

to & s;

ofstream f("test.xml");

boost::archive::xml_oarchive xo(f);

xo & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(i) & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(s);

boost::archive::text_iarchive ti(cin , boost::archive::no_header);

ti & i & s;

cout <<"i="<< i << endl;

cout <<"s="<< s << endl;

}

8.boost::function
boost::function就是所谓的泛函数，能够对普通函数指针，成员函数指针，functor进行委托，达到迟调用的效果

#include <boost/function.hpp>
int foo(int x,int y)
{
cout<< "(foo invoking)x = "<<x << " y = "<< y <<endl;
return x+y;
}

struct test
{
int foo(int x,int y)
{
  cout<< "(test::foo invoking)x = "<<x << " y = "<< y <<endl;
  return x+y;
}
};

void test_function()
{
boost::function<int (int,int)> f;
f = foo;
cout << "f(2,3)="<<f(2,3)<<endl;

test x;
/**//*f = std::bind1st(
      std::mem_fun(&test::foo), &x);*/
boost::function<int (test*,int,int)> f2;
f2 = &test::foo;

cout << "f2(5,3)="<<f2(&x,5,3)<<endl;
}