clone()和copyTo()的区别

the implementation of clone() function:

inline Mat Mat::clone() const
{
    Mat m;
    copyTo(m);
    return m;
}

clone()和copyTo()最大的区别在于clone()会给目标矩阵分配新地址,而copyTo()不会。
举个例子,

Mat img1 = ones(1, 5, CV_32F);
Mat img2 = img1;
Mat img3 = zeros(1, 5, CV_32F);
img3.copyTo(img1);
cout << img1 << endl;
cout << img2 << endl;

output:
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

Mat img1 = ones(1, 5, CV_32F
### UVM Clone Usage in SystemVerilog In the context of Universal Verification Methodology (UVM), cloning is a powerful feature that allows creating copies of objects while preserving their properties and configurations. This functionality facilitates reusability and flexibility within verification environments, especially when dealing with complex transactions or sequences. For instance, to clone an object in SystemVerilog using UVM: ```systemverilog class my_transaction extends uvm_sequence_item; rand bit [7:0] addr; rand bit [31:0] data; `uvm_object_utils(my_transaction) function new(string name = "my_transaction"); super.new(name); endfunction // Override do_copy method for custom copy behavior virtual function void do_copy(uvm_object rhs); my_transaction rhs_; if(!$cast(rhs_, rhs)) begin `uvm_fatal("do_copy", "Cast failed") end this.addr = rhs_.addr; this.data = rhs_.data; super.do_copy(rhs); endfunction : do_copy endclass : my_transaction ``` When implementing clones, overriding the `do_copy` method ensures specific attributes are copied correctly from one object to another[^1]. The process involves casting the incoming parameter (`rhs`) into the appropriate type before copying relevant fields manually. Afterward, invoking `super.do_copy(rhs)` guarantees any base class members also get cloned appropriately. To perform actual cloning operations during simulation: ```systemverilog // Create original transaction my_transaction orig_trans = my_transaction::type_id::create("orig_trans"); // Initialize values... orig_trans.randomize(); // Perform deep copy via clone() my_transaction cloned_trans = orig_trans.clone(); cloned_trans.set_name("cloned_trans"); // Optionally set new name after cloning ``` The above code snippet demonstrates how to create a clone by calling the `clone()` method on an existing object. Notably, setting names post-cloning helps distinguish between multiple instances easily.
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