利用上面的脚本得出来的结果：[root@localhost 20251007_152848]# cat sdb_randread_4k.log
randread_4k: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
...
fio-3.21
Starting 16 processes
randread_4k: (groupid=0, jobs=16): err= 0: pid=18763: Tue Oct 7 15:38:52 2025
read: IOPS=575, BW=2302KiB/s (2357kB/s)(1350MiB/600591msec)
slat (usec): min=2, max=572028, avg=25734.14, stdev=38313.47
clat (msec): min=5, max=2494, avg=863.54, stdev=400.24
lat (msec): min=5, max=2602, avg=889.28, stdev=408.08
clat percentiles (msec):
| 1.00th=[ 62], 5.00th=[ 209], 10.00th=[ 355], 20.00th=[ 523],
| 30.00th=[ 634], 40.00th=[ 735], 50.00th=[ 835], 60.00th=[ 944],
| 70.00th=[ 1070], 80.00th=[ 1217], 90.00th=[ 1418], 95.00th=[ 1552],
| 99.00th=[ 1804], 99.50th=[ 1888], 99.90th=[ 2056], 99.95th=[ 2123],
| 99.99th=[ 2299]
bw ( KiB/s): min= 440, max= 6440, per=100.00%, avg=2303.98, stdev=55.47, samples=19174
iops : min= 110, max= 1610, avg=576.00, stdev=13.87, samples=19174
lat (msec) : 10=0.02%, 20=0.11%, 50=0.60%, 100=1.26%, 250=4.18%
lat (msec) : 500=12.21%, 750=23.25%, 1000=23.04%, 2000=35.15%, >=2000=0.17%
cpu : usr=0.01%, sys=0.03%, ctx=198299, majf=0, minf=750
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.9%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=345630,0,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=2302KiB/s (2357kB/s), 2302KiB/s-2302KiB/s (2357kB/s-2357kB/s), io=1350MiB (1416MB), run=600591-600591msec
Disk stats (read/write):
sdb: ios=345544/0, merge=25/0, ticks=151836759/0, in_queue=151664071, util=100.00%
[root@localhost 20251007_152848]# cat sdb_randwrite_4k.log
randwrite_4k: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=32
...
fio-3.21
Starting 16 processes
randwrite_4k: (groupid=0, jobs=16): err= 0: pid=19242: Tue Oct 7 15:48:56 2025
write: IOPS=548, BW=2195KiB/s (2248kB/s)(1288MiB/600642msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=2, max=418681, avg=27448.68, stdev=40518.68
clat (usec): min=206, max=5943.6k, avg=905118.98, stdev=380943.05
lat (usec): min=262, max=6004.2k, avg=932567.88, stdev=388990.86
clat percentiles (msec):
| 1.00th=[ 121], 5.00th=[ 321], 10.00th=[ 451], 20.00th=[ 600],
| 30.00th=[ 709], 40.00th=[ 802], 50.00th=[ 894], 60.00th=[ 986],
| 70.00th=[ 1083], 80.00th=[ 1200], 90.00th=[ 1351], 95.00th=[ 1485],
| 99.00th=[ 1854], 99.50th=[ 2232], 99.90th=[ 3473], 99.95th=[ 4010],
| 99.99th=[ 5201]
bw ( KiB/s): min= 544, max= 5928, per=100.00%, avg=2197.47, stdev=51.55, samples=19174
iops : min= 136, max= 1482, avg=549.37, stdev=12.89, samples=19174
lat (usec) : 250=0.01%
lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.02%
lat (msec) : 100=0.64%, 250=2.64%, 500=9.47%, 750=21.86%, 1000=26.79%
lat (msec) : 2000=37.86%, >=2000=0.70%
cpu : usr=0.01%, sys=0.03%, ctx=180859, majf=0, minf=221
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=99.8%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.1%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,329672,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=32
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
WRITE: bw=2195KiB/s (2248kB/s), 2195KiB/s-2195KiB/s (2248kB/s-2248kB/s), io=1288MiB (1350MB), run=600642-600642msec
Disk stats (read/write):
sdb: ios=61/329628, merge=0/25, ticks=37638/151779771, in_queue=151652574, util=100.00%
[root@localhost 20251007_152848]#
本文探讨了0.9999....与1是否相等的问题，并通过几种直观的方法给出了肯定的答案。首先利用分数9/9的性质进行类比，再通过代数方法直接计算得出结论。最后，采用反证法严格证明了两个数间不存在其他数值，则这两数必相等。
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