basemap绘制和标注平行线和子午线(整理自官网)

本文介绍如何使用matplotlib的Basemap工具包在地图上绘制经纬网格。通过实例演示了如何设置地图参数并调用drawparallels和drawmeridians函数来添加纬线和经线标签。

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整理自https://matplotlib.org/basemap/users/graticule.html

用到：drawparallels() and drawmeridians()
画纬线： drawparallels(circles, color='k', textcolor='k', linewidth=1.0, zorder=None, dashes=[1, 1], labels=[0, 0, 0, 0], labelstyle=None, fmt='%g', xoffset=None, yoffset=None, ax=None, latmax=None, **text_kwargs)
以下投影不能画纬线：ortho (orthographic), geos (geostationary), vandg (van der Grinten) or nsper (near-sided perspective)
画经线：drawmeridians(meridians, color='k', textcolor='k', linewidth=1.0, zorder=None, dashes=[1, 1], labels=[0, 0, 0, 0], labelstyle=None, fmt='%g', xoffset=None, yoffset=None, ax=None, latmax=None, **text_kwargs)
以下投影不能画经线：ortho (orthographic), geos (geostationary), vandg (van der Grinten), nsper (near-sided perspective), moll (Mollweide), hammer (Hammer), or sinu (sinusoidal)
官网示例：
先画好一个地图：

from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# setup Lambert Conformal basemap.
m = Basemap(width=12000000,height=9000000,projection='lcc',
            resolution='c',lat_1=45.,lat_2=55,lat_0=50,lon_0=-107.)
# draw coastlines.
m.drawcoastlines()
# draw a boundary around the map, fill the background.
# this background will end up being the ocean color, since
# the continents will be drawn on top.
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color='aqua')
# fill continents, set lake color same as ocean color.
m.fillcontinents(color='coral',lake_color='aqua')

添上网格：

# draw parallels and meridians.
# label parallels on right and top
# meridians on bottom and left
parallels = np.arange(0.,81,10.)
# labels = [left,right,top,bottom]
m.drawparallels(parallels,labels=[False,True,True,False])
meridians = np.arange(10.,351.,20.)
m.drawmeridians(meridians,labels=[True,False,False,True])
plt.show()