基于消息中间件RabbitMQ实现简单的RPC服务，springboot启动原理总结

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/m0_65484000/article/details/122133420

本文详细介绍了如何使用RabbitMQ构建RPC服务，包括Server端监听队列并反馈消息，以及RPCClient的初始化和消息交互。还讨论了SpringBoot的启动过程，并提供了完整的源代码链接。

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2.2 监听队列并反馈

/**
* 开启server
*/
private void startServer() {
try {
LOG.info("Waiting for RPC calls.....");
while (true) {
//获得文本消息
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
BasicProperties props = delivery.getProperties();
//返回消息的属性
BasicProperties replyProps = new BasicProperties.Builder()
.correlationId(props.getCorrelationId())
.build();
long receiveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
try {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
int n = Integer.parseInt(message);
LOG.info("Got a request: fib(" + message + ")");
json.put("status", "success");
json.put("result", fib(n));
} catch (Exception e) {
json.put("status", "fail");
json.put("reason", "Not a Number!");
LOG.error("receive message failed!", e);
} finally {
long responseTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
json.put("calculateTime", (responseTime - receiveTime));
channel.basicPublish("", props.getReplyTo(), replyProps, json.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
LOG.error("server failed!", e);
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
LOG.error("close failed!", e);
}
}
}
}

在该方法中使用了一个无限循环，每次处理一条消息。通过调用消费者对象的 nextDelivery 方法来获得 RabbitMQ 队列的最新一条消息。同时通过 getProperties 获取到消息中的反馈信息属性，用于标记客户端 Client 的属性。然后计算斐波那契数列的结果。
最后通过 basicAck 使用消息信封向 RabbitMQ 确认了该消息。

到这里就实现了计算斐波那契数列 RPC 服务的 Server 端。

3. RPCClient 实现

3.1 初始化 CLient

/**
* 消息请求的队列名、交换机名、路由键
*/
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rpc_exchange";
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "request_rpc_queue";
private static final String ROUTING_KEY = "rpc_routing_key";
/**
* 消息返回的队列名、交换机名、路由键
*/
private static final String RESPONSE_QUEUE = "response_rpc_queue";
private static final String RESPONSE_ROUTING_KEY = "response_rpc_routing_key";
/**
* RabbitMQ的实体
*/
private Connection connection = null;
private Channel channel = null;
private QueueingConsumer consumer = null;
/**
* 构造客户端
* @throws Exception
*/
private RPCClient() throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost(Config.HOST);
factory.setPort(Config.PORT);
factory.setUsername(Config.USER);
factory.setPassword(Config.PASSWORD);
connection = factory.newConnection();
channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTING_KEY);
channel.queueDeclare(RESPONSE_QUEUE, false, false, false, null);
channel.queueBind(RESPONSE_QUEUE, EXCHANGE_NAME, RESPONSE_ROUTING_KEY);
consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
channel.basicConsume(RESPONSE_QUEUE, true, consumer);
}

这里声明 AMQP 结构体的方式和 Server 端类似，只不过 Client 端需要多声明一个队列，用于 RPC 的 re

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sponse。

3.2 发送 / 接收消息

/**
* 请求server
* @param message
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private String requestMessage(String message) throws Exception {
String response = null;
String corrId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
BasicProperties props = new BasicProperties.Builder().correlationId(corrId).replyTo(RESPONSE_QUEUE).build();
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, props, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
if (delivery.getProperties().getCorrelationId().equals(corrId)) {
response = new String(delivery.getBody(),"UTF-8");
break;
}
}
return response;
}