BGP综合实验

最新推荐文章于 2026-01-03 20:00:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2026-01-03 20:00:00 发布 · 101 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#网络

HCIP 专栏收录该内容

7 篇文章

订阅专栏

实验要求：

1，AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯AS3中存在两个环回，
2，整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分。
3，AS间的骨干链路P地址随意定制。
4，使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问。
5，减少路由条自目数量，避免环路出现。

实验步骤

第一步：地址划分

172.16.0.0/16 172.16.0.0/24 172.16.1.0/24

骨干链路地址为172.16.0.0/24划分至30位

172.16.0.0/30

172.16.0.4/30

.....以此类推

建邻环回地址为172.16.1.0/24下的主机地址

172.16.1.2/32

172.16.1.3/32

....以此类推

用户网段为

172.16.2.0/24

172.16.3.0/24

....以此类推

第二步：配置IP地址

R1

[R1]int l 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad 1.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.1 24

R2

[R2]int l 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24
[R2-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.13 30

R3

[R3]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.3.1 24
[R3-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.5 30

R4

[R4]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.4.1 24
[R4-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.9 30

R5

[R5]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.5.1 24
[R5-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.14 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.17 30

R6

[R6]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.6 32

[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.6.1 24

[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.21 30

R7

[R7]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.1.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.7.1 24
[R7-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.22 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 78.1.1.7 24

R8

[R8]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip ad 8.8.8.8 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.2.1 24
[R8-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 78.1.1.8 24

第三步：配置OSPF 宣告网段

R2

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R3

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R4

[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R5

[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R6

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R7

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

第四步：更改业务网段为24

更改之前

R2

[R2]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

R3

[R3]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

R4

[R4]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

R5

[R5]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

R6

[R6]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

R7

[R7]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

更改之后

第五步：在R1和R2之间与R7和R8上写静态，起BGP

写静态

R1和R2

[R1]ip route-static 172.16.1.2 32 12.1.1.2

[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.1.1.1

R7和R8

[R7]ip route-static 8.8.8.8 32 78.1.1.8

[R8]ip route-static 172.16.1.7 32 78.1.1.7

写BGP

R1

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 2
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2

R2

[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.2
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop 2

R3

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.3
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R4

[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.4
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2

R5

[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.5
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R6

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.6
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R7

[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]router-id 172.16.1.7
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local

[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop 2

[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 3
[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2

R8

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 2
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2

第六步：发布路由实现换回可以相互访问

[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.2.0 24
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.3.0 24
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.4.0 24
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.5.0 24
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.6.0 24
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.7.0 24

发布之后还是有一部分如上图查看不到路由信息这时候我们需要在R3上做反射

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 reflect-client

第七步：建立GRE隧道，来实现两个换回的通讯

在建立隧道之前我们应当宣告

[R1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24

[R8-bgp]network 8.8.8.0 24

建立GRE

[R1]int tu 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.1.1 24

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 1.1.1.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 8.8.8.8

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 Tunnel 0/0/0

[R8]int tu 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 8.8.8.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 1.1.1.1

[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 Tunnel 0/0/0