Android ApiDemos示例解析(26):App->Notification->IncomingMessage
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/mapdigit/article/details/7669940
也可以参考李刚的《Android疯狂讲义》
应用程序可以使用Notifications来通知用户某个事件发生了(如收到短信)。类NotificationManager 用来处理Notification, NotificationManager可以:
• 在Status Bar上显示一个新的图标。
• 在Extended status bar 窗口上显示附加信息或是启动一个Activity。
• 显示背光/LED。
• 使设备震动。
• 发出声音等。
对于一些没有UI的应用程序组件(如Broadcast Receiver, Services)或是非活动状态的Activity,Notification是推荐使用的可以提醒用户注意的方法。
Notification通常是在Status Bar上显示图标或是文字,此时用户如果想了解Notification的详细内容,可以按住Status Bar下拉显示Expanded Status bar 窗口,在Expanded Status bar窗口显示该Notification详情并可以启动对应的Activity。
IncomingMessage 示例介绍了Notification的一般用法:
1. 首先是取得NotificationManager 对象:
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
2. 然后创建Notification,创建Notification时指定显示在Status bar的图标,文字以及显示Notification的时间:
Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, tickerText, System.currentTimeMillis());
3. 然后定义当用户打开Extented status windows窗口时的标题及详情。Notification常常代表了一个请求或者需要引起注意的事件,因此可以指定一个PendingIntent来响应用户点击这个Notification。
// The details of our fake message
CharSequence from = "Joe";
CharSequence message = "kthx. meet u for dinner. cul8r";
// The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this notification
//指定一个PendingIntent来响应用户点击这个Notification。
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
new Intent(this, IncomingMessageView.class), 0);
// Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
notif.setLatestEventInfo(this, from, message, contentIntent);
// after a 100ms delay, vibrate for 250ms, pause for 100 ms and
// then vibrate for 500ms.
notif.vibrate = new long[] { 100, 250, 100, 500};
4. 最后是触发这个Notification
nm.notify(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, notif);
一般来说对应同一个事件可以使用同一个Notification来通知用户,nm.notify的第一个参数为Notification 的ID,类型为整数。 可以使用同一个ID来表示同一个Notification,也可以使用这个ID来取消这个Notification,在IncomingMessage 中当用户点击显示了这个IncomingMessage详情后,会取消这个Notification(类IncomingMessageView中)。
nm.cancel(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text);
public class IncomingMessage extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.incoming_message);
Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.notify);
button.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
showToast();
showNotification();
}
});
}
/**
* The toast pops up a quick message to the user showing what could be the
* text of an incoming message. It uses a custom view to do so.
*
* 自定义Toast的显示View
*/
protected void showToast() {
// create the view
View view = inflateView(R.layout.incoming_message_panel);
// set the text in the view
TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.message);
tv.setText("khtx. meet u for dinner. cul8r");
// show the toast
Toast toast = new Toast(this);
toast.setView(view);
toast.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
}
private View inflateView(int resource) {
LayoutInflater vi = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
return vi.inflate(resource, null);
}
/**
* The notification is the icon and associated expanded entry in the status
* bar.
*/
protected void showNotification() {
// look up the notification manager service
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// The details of our fake message
CharSequence from = "Joe";
CharSequence message = "kthx. meet u for dinner. cul8r";
// The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this
// notification
// 指定一个PendingIntent来响应用户点击这个Notification。
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
new Intent(this, IncomingMessageView.class), 0);
// The ticker text, this uses a formatted string so our message could be
// localized
String tickerText = getString(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text,
message);
// construct the Notification object.
Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample,
tickerText, System.currentTimeMillis());
// Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
notif.setLatestEventInfo(this, from, message, contentIntent);
// after a 100ms delay, vibrate for 250ms, pause for 100 ms and
// then vibrate for 500ms.
notif.vibrate = new long[] { 100, 250, 100, 500 };
// Note that we use R.layout.incoming_message_panel as the ID for
// the notification. It could be any integer you want, but we use
// the convention of using a resource id for a string related to
// the notification. It will always be a unique number within your
// application.
nm.notify(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, notif);
}
}
源码工程: