bazel build ‘...‘

Okay, let’s discuss the Bazel build command: bazel build ‘…’.

Bazel Build Command:
The bazel build command is used to build the targets (e.g., libraries, binaries, tests) specified in a Bazel-based project.
Target Selection:
The ‘…’ part of the command is a target pattern that selects all the targets in the current Bazel project.
This is a shorthand way of building all the targets in the project.
Build Process:
When you run bazel build ‘…’, Bazel will:
Analyze the dependencies between the targets in the project.
Determine the order in which the targets need to be built.
Compile the source code and link the necessary libraries and binaries.
Caching:
Bazel has a built-in caching system that helps speed up subsequent builds by reusing previously built artifacts.
If the inputs to a target (e.g., source files, dependencies) have not changed since the last build, Bazel will use the cached results instead of rebuilding the target.
Output:
Bazel will output the built artifacts (e.g., binaries, libraries) to the Bazel-managed output directory, which is usually located at bazel-bin by default.
You can access the built artifacts from this directory for further use or deployment.
Incremental Builds:
Bazel supports incremental builds, which means that it will only rebuild the targets that have changed or that depend on changed targets.
This can significantly speed up the build process, especially for large projects.
Parallel Execution:
Bazel can leverage multiple CPU cores to build targets in parallel, further improving the build speed.
Error Handling:
If any errors occur during the build process, Bazel will report the errors and provide information to help you diagnose and fix the issues.

By running bazel build ‘…’, you can build the entire Bazel-based project, taking advantage of Bazel’s caching, incremental build, and parallel execution features to optimize the build process. This command is a common starting point for building and developing Bazel-based applications and libraries.通过运行bazel build ‘…’,您可以构建整个基于 Bazel 的项目,利用 Bazel 的缓存、增量构建和并行执行功能来优化构建过程。此命令是构建和开发基于 Bazel 的应用程序和库的常用起点。

### BUILD.bazel 文件的用途 `BUILD.bazel`文件定义了工作区内的包及其目标。这些目标可以是库、可执行文件或其他资源,它们描述了如何构建和测试项目中的各个部分[^1]。 #### 基本结构与语法 在 `BUILD.bazel` 文件中,主要通过声明规则来指定要创建的目标以及其依赖关系。每条规则通常由三部分组成: - **Rule Class**: 定义了目标类型(例如二进制文件、库或测试)。常见的类有 `cc_binary`, `java_library` 或者 `py_test`. - **Attributes**: 提供关于此特定实例的信息,比如源码路径(`srcs`)、依赖项(`deps`)等属性。 - **Visibility Specifications**(可见性说明):控制哪些外部模块能够访问当前定义的对象。 下面是一个简单的例子展示了一个C++ 库和它的使用者——另一个 C++ 可执行程序之间的关联方式: ```bazel # A simple C++ library. cc_library( name = "hello-lib", srcs = ["hello.cpp"], ) # An executable target depending on the above-defined library. cc_binary( name = "greet", srcs = ["main.cc"], # Source files for this binary. deps = [":hello-lib"] # Dependency on our previously defined cc_library rule. ) ``` 上述代码片段展示了两个基本概念:首先是名为 `hello-lib` 的静态链接库;其次是利用这个库编译而成的应用程序 `greet`. 对于更复杂的场景,则可能涉及到更多种类的目标形式及配置选项。值得注意的是,在某些情况下也可以省略`.bazel`扩展名而只保留`BUILD`作为文件名称。
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