OOP作业3

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-25 14:57:52 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-12-25 14:57:52 发布 · 98 阅读

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文章展示了一段用于智能城市软件开发的代码，涉及智能垃圾桶的实现，该垃圾桶配备有红外和超声波传感器。原始代码使用了多重继承，后来进行了重构，改用聚合来避免多重继承，从而提高了代码的可读性和可维护性。

1.您已经被招募加入一个正在为智能城市开发软件的软件团队。右边的图表显示了一个配备了红外和超声波传感器的智能垃圾桶的部分解决方案；红外传感器检测运动（当垃圾桶盖打开和关闭时），超声波传感器测量垃圾桶盖和垃圾桶内容物之间的空间量——用来测量它的满量。您已经得到了与另一个程序员制作的这个设计对应的代码

class Sensor:
    __doc__ = 'Simple Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, ra, acc, sid, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self._range = ra
        self._accuracy = acc
        self._sensor_id = sid
        
    def get_range(self):
        return self._range
            
    def get_id(self):
        return self._sensor_id
    
class InfraRedSensor(Sensor):
    __doc__ = 'Infra Red Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, mot, ty, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self._max_op_temp = mot
        self._type = ty
        
    def get_type(self):
        return self._type
        
    def detect_motion(self):
        # Simulating a motion detection event generated by the sensor
        return True
    
class UltraSonicSensor(Sensor):
    __doc__ = 'Ultra Sonic Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, freq, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self._operating_freq = freq
        
    def get_distance(self):
        # Simulating a distance measured by the sensor (in cm)
        return 75

    
class SmartBin(InfraRedSensor, UltraSonicSensor):
    __doc__ = 'SmartBin Class'
    
    """Represent smart bin – using multiple inh. - bad solution"""
    
    def __init__(self, cap, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self._capacity = cap
        self._fill_level = 0

    def get_capacity(self):
        return self._capacity
        
    def get_fill_level(self):
        return self._fill_level
        
    def update_fill_level(self):
        """ Computes the amount of available space in the bin."""
        # We assume here that an empty bin will have 100cm of free space
        # between the bin lid and the bottom when empty.
        self._fill_level = (100 - self.get_distance()) / 100
        
# mysens1 = SmartBin(cap=500,freq=400.2,mot=30,ty='Passive',ra=300,acc=1.0,sid='abc1234')
# print(mysens1.get_capacity())
# print(mysens1._fill_level)
# mysens1.update_fill_level()
# print(mysens1._fill_level)

研究这段代码并重新编写它，以创建一个避免使用多重继承的新版本（sensors_no_mi.py）。使用聚合（具有）关系。

solution：

# PROBLEM 2
# Avoiding use of multiple inheritance.

class Sensor:
    __doc__ = 'Simple Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, ra, acc, sid):
        self._range = ra
        self._accuracy = acc
        self._sensor_id = sid
        
    def get_range(self):
        return self._range
            
    def get_id(self):
        return self._sensor_id
    
class InfraRedSensor(Sensor):
    __doc__ = 'Infra Red Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, ra, acc, sid, mot=30, ty='Passive'):
        super().__init__(ra, acc, sid)
        self._max_op_temp = mot
        self._type = ty
        
    def get_type(self):
        return self._type
        
    def detect_motion(self):
        # Simulating a motion detection event generated by the sensor
        return True
    
class UltraSonicSensor(Sensor):
    __doc__ = 'Ultra Sonic Sensor Class'
    
    def __init__(self, ra, acc, sid, freq=24.0):
        super().__init__(ra, acc, sid)
        self._operating_freq = freq
        
    def get_distance(self):
        # Simulating a distance measured by the sensor (in cm)
        return 12.5

    
class SmartBin:
    __doc__ = 'SmartBin Class'
    
    """Represent smart bin – without using multiple inh."""
    
    # Pass an IRSensor and USSensor object to the SmartBin initializer  
    # This way, the sensors exist without the bin (aggregation)
    def __init__(self, ir, us, cap=500):
        self._capacity = cap
        self._fill_level = 0
        self._ir_sensor = ir
        self._us_sensor = us

    def get_capacity(self):
        return self._capacity
        
    def get_fill_level(self):
        return self._fill_level
        
    def update_fill_level(self):
        """ Computes the amount of available space in the bin."""
        # We assume here that an empty bin will have 100cm of free space
        # between the bin lid and the bottom when empty.
        self._fill_level = (100 - self._us_sensor.get_distance()) / 100 * self._capacity
        
# us_sensor = UltraSonicSensor(100, 1.0, 's1234',18.6)
# ir_sensor = InfraRedSensor(500, 0.5, 's8967')
# mybin = SmartBin(ir_sensor, us_sensor, 600)
# print(mybin.get_capacity())
# print(mybin._fill_level)
# mybin.update_fill_level()
# print(mybin._fill_level)