[LeetCode] 154. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II

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154. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II (在旋转过的有序数组中找最小值II)



1. 题目翻译

假设一个数组最初按升序排列,然后将这个数组在某个点后所有元素移到最前面,找到这个数组的最小元素。

例子:

原数组:0 1 2 4 5 6 7
旋转后:4 5 6 7 0 1 2

2. 解题方法

有两种方法,一种时间复杂度为O(n),另一种使用二分查找,时间复杂度为O(lgn)。

  1. 最简单的方法,顺序遍历一遍数组找到最小值,时间复杂度为O(n)。

  2. 二分查找

    与这题的上一个版本 153. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array 不同的是,这一题中存在相同的数字,所以需要特殊考虑。

    当middle指向的值大于最右元素时,说明最小值在middle与right之间且并不可能是middle自身,所以将left设为middle+1。

    当middle指向的值小于等于最右元素时,说明middle到right之间的值一定大于middle,即最小值在middle左面或为middle本身。所以将right设为middle而不是middle-1,这样最后right一定为最小值。

    特殊情况:考虑一种情况,当left,middle,right三者指向的值相同时。例如,1 1 1 0 1,三者指向的为不同的1,按上面所说的解法,此时应该将right设为middle所在的下标为[2]的数字1。但是很显然,最小值并不在middle左边或middle本身,而是在middle右边,因为具有相同数字时,我们无法判断它是属于左右哪一个分组的。所以在这种情况下,要将1,2两种方法结合,对left和right之间的元素顺序遍历。

3. 代码

//Runtime: 6ms
class Solution {
public:
    int findMin(vector<int>& nums) {
        int left = 0, right = nums.size()-1;
        int middle = 0;
        while(left<right){
            middle = left + (right-left)/2;

            if(nums[left]==nums[right]&&nums[middle]==nums[right]){
                int result = nums[left];
                for (int i = left+1;i<=right;i++){
                    if(result>nums[i])
                        result = nums[i];
                }
                return result;
            }
            if(nums[middle]>nums[right])
                left = middle+1;
            else
                right = middle;
        }

        return nums[right];
    }
};
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