Computer Systems - A Programmer's Perspective 笔记 — 计算机体系结构概览

Randal E. Bryant 写的 Computer Systems - A Programmer's Perspective 一书,我看了一章,感觉讲的很清晰,把一些抽象的概念用比喻的方法表述出来,让人对相关的知识点了解的更为透彻!


运行hello程序过程







计算机系统由硬件和系统软件组成,协同运行应用程序。计算机内的信息表示为根据上下文来以不同方式解释的位组。
要编译的程序由其他程序翻译成不同的形式,开始为ASCII文本(这个不一定,可能是Unicode格式),然后翻译成二进制可执行文件的编译器和链接器文件。
处理器读取并解释存储在主存中的指令。因为电脑花费大量时间在内存、I/O设备和CPU寄存器之间复制数据,系统中的存储设备被设计成层次结构,CPU寄存器在顶部,接着是多层的硬件缓存存储器、DRAM主存储器和磁盘存储器。

操作系统内核作为应用程序和硬件之间的中介。它提供了三个基本的抽象结构:

(1)文件是I/O设备的抽象。

(2)虚拟内存是内存和磁盘的抽象。

(3)进程是处理器,内存和和I/O设备的抽象。

最后,网络为计算机系统提供了彼此通讯的可能。从系统观点来看,网络不过是另一个I/O设备。


经典计算机操作系统教材第三版,详细内容可见亚马逊。 https://www.amazon.com/Computer-Systems-Programmers-Perspective-Engineering/dp/0134123832/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1541476471&sr=8-2&keywords=computer+systems+a+programmer's+perspective Computer systems: A Programmer’s Perspective explains the underlying elements common among all computer systems and how they affect general application performance. Written from the programmer’s perspective, this book strives to teach readers how understanding basic elements of computer systems and executing real practice can lead them to create better programs. Spanning across computer science themes such as hardware architecture, the operating system, and systems software, the Third Edition serves as a comprehensive introduction to programming. This book strives to create programmers who understand all elements of computer systems and will be able to engage in any application of the field--from fixing faulty software, to writing more capable programs, to avoiding common flaws. It lays the groundwork for readers to delve into more intensive topics such as computer architecture, embedded systems, and cyber security. This book focuses on systems that execute an x86-64 machine code, and recommends that programmers have access to a Linux system for this course. Programmers should have basic familiarity with C or C++. Personalize Learning with MasteringEngineering MasteringEngineering is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment system, designed to improve results through personalized learning. This innovative online program emulates the instructor’s office hour environment, engaging and guiding students through engineering concepts with self-paced individualized coaching With a wide range of activities available, students can actively learn, understand, and retain even the most difficult concepts.
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