爬虫——爬取网站上的图片

1. 利用python request库爬取网站图片

爬取网站：http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page1/

1. 进入网站后，按F12，打开开发者模式，【元素】，通过鼠标移动的方式，查看要下载图片的信息，如下图：
   
2. 找User-Agent和Referer的信息，选择【网络】，一般在最下面一栏，点一下，滑倒最底下会出现一个【User-Agent】，复制下来作为Headers的一部分
3. 代码：

import  requests
import time
from lxml import etree
url = 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page1/'

headers = {"Referer":"                    ",}

resq = requests.get(url,headers = headers)

print(resq)

html = etree.HTML(resq.text)
srcs = html.xpath(".//img/@src")

for i in srcs:
    imgname = i.split('/')[-1]
    img = requests.get(i,headers = headers)
    with open('imgs1/'+imgname,'wb') as file:
        file.write(img.content)
    print(i,imgname)

2. 报错

发现下载了网页前几个标题，到了真正要下载的正文部分的人脸图像时反而报错，查看每张图片的【src】，发现：
成功下载的图片的【src】：

报错的【src】：

发现报错的【src】连接是有问题的，少了http:的信息，手动加上去，代码变成下面这样：

import  requests
import time
from lxml import etree
url = 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page1/'

headers = {"Referer":"Referer: http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page1/",
    "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36 Edg/104.0.1293.70",}

resq = requests.get(url,headers = headers)

print(resq)

html = etree.HTML(resq.text)
srcs = html.xpath(".//img/@src")

for i in srcs:
    print('1---i:    ', i)
    imgname = i.split('/')[-1]
    j = 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua' + i
    print('2---j:    ', j)
    try:
        img = requests.get(j, headers=headers)
        with open('imgs1/' + imgname, 'wb') as file:
            file.write(img.content)
        print(i, imgname)
    except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
        requests.status_code = "Connection refused"

成功下载。

3. 爬取多页图片

翻看每一页的url，可以发现只有最后的数字不一样：

http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page1
http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page2
http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page3
...

直接在url里加一个for循环，选择要下载的页数：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: 自学小白菜
'''
既然选择了前进，那每一步都要认真的去做
'''

import  requests
import time
from lxml import etree


for m in range(1, 301):     # 爬取1-300页的图
    m += 1
    url = 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page' + str(m)
    print('url:  ', url)

    headers = {"Referer": "Referer: 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua/?page",
        "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36 Edg/104.0.1293.70",}

    resq = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

    print('resq:  ', resq)

    html = etree.HTML(resq.text)
    srcs = html.xpath(".//img/@src")

    for i in srcs:
        # print('1---i:    ', i, srcs)
        list1 = str(i)
        if list1[-3:] == 'jpg':
            imgname = i.split('/')[-1]
            j = 'http://www.pes-stars.co.ua' + i
            # print('2---j:    ', j, imgname)
            try:
                img = requests.get(j, headers=headers)
                with open('imgs1/' + imgname, 'wb') as file:
                    file.write(img.content)
                print(i, imgname)
            except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
                requests.status_code = "Connection refused"