学习笔记 -- Win32 多线程程序设计

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-20 00:00:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-08-20 00:00:00 发布 · 462 阅读

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文章标签：

#c++ #windows #win32 #多线程

本文介绍如何使用Windows API创建、管理和终止线程。包括CreateThread函数的详细参数说明及使用示例，展示了如何检测线程是否结束并通过GetExitCodeThread获取线程退出状态。此外还提供了强制退出线程的方法。

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创建一个线程使用如下API
HANDLE WINAPI CreateThread(
_In_opt_ LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
_In_ SIZE_T dwStackSize,
_In_ LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE lpStartAddress,
_In_opt_ LPVOID lpParameter,
_In_ DWORD dwCreationFlags,
_Out_opt_ LPDWORD lpThreadId
);
具体参照MSDN: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682453(v=vs.85).aspx

为了安全防护, 不可能通过一个线程ID（lpThreadId）而获得线程句柄

最终调用完了，需要调用CloseHandle 释放句柄
BOOL WINAPI CloseHandle(
_In_ HANDLE hObject
);
具体参照MSDN: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724211(VS.85).aspx

获取线程是否已经结束，可以调取下面的API 获知
BOOL WINAPI GetExitCodeThread(
_In_ HANDLE hThread,
_Out_ LPDWORD lpExitCode
);
具体参照MSDN: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms683190(VS.85).aspx

强制退出线程
VOID WINAPI ExitThread(
_In_ DWORD dwExitCode
);

具体参照MSDN: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682659(v=vs.85).aspx

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunc(LPVOID);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	HANDLE hThread1 = NULL;
	HANDLE hThread2 = NULL;
	DWORD dwThreadId1 = 0;
	DWORD dwThreadId2 = 0;
	DWORD dwExitCode1 = 0;
	DWORD dwExitCode2 = 0;

	hThread1 = CreateThread(0,0,ThreadFunc,(LPVOID)1,0,&dwThreadId1);
	if (hThread1)
	{
		cout<<"Thread1 started"<<endl;
	}

	hThread2 = CreateThread(0,0,ThreadFunc,(LPVOID)2,0,&dwThreadId2);
	if (hThread2)
	{
		cout<<"Thread2 started"<<endl;
	}

	for (;;)
	{
		cout<<"Press any key to exit"<<endl;
		getchar();

		GetExitCodeThread(hThread1,&dwExitCode1);
		GetExitCodeThread(hThread2,&dwExitCode2);

		if (dwExitCode1 == STILL_ACTIVE)
		{
			cout<<"Thread1 is working"<<endl;
		}
		if (dwExitCode2 == STILL_ACTIVE)
		{
			cout<<"Thread2 is working"<<endl;
		}
		if (dwExitCode1 != STILL_ACTIVE
			&& dwExitCode2 != STILL_ACTIVE)
		{
			cout<<"All threads finished"<<endl;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (hThread1)
	{
		CloseHandle(hThread1);
	}

	if (hThread2)
	{
		CloseHandle(hThread2);
	}

	cout<<"Thread1 exit with "<<dwExitCode1<<endl;
	cout<<"Thread2 exit with "<<dwExitCode2<<endl;

	system("PAUSE");

	return 0;
}

DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunc(LPVOID n)
{
	int j = (int)n;
	for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		Sleep(j*1000);
		cout<<j<<endl;

		if (j == 1 && i == 1)
		{
			ExitThread(4);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}