codists的博客

无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

(1)sacrifice: sacr-(“sacred, holy, 神圣的”) + -fice(“to do, to make”)vt. sacrifice literally means “to make sacred, to make holy”, over time, it evolves to mean “give up sth valuable for a higher purpose(牺牲)”。(2)示例。

(1)定义(1)acyclic: a-(“not”) + cylic(参考 cycle)adj. involve a cycle(环状的)。(2)示例An acyclic graph—that is, a graph with no cycles—allows directories to share subdirectories and files(《Operating System Concepts》第 547 页)。

(1)定义一般来说，包含 name, identifier, type, location, size, protection, timestamps and user identification。(1)allot: ad-(“to”) + lot(“portion(比例), share(份额)”)vt. divide or distribute as by lots(分配)。(3)示例。

(1)定义(2)示例c/u. a situation in which a system stops working normally(故障)。(2)示例。

(1)定义(2)cache 和 buffer 的区别(2)urgentadj. very important and needing attention immediately(紧急的)。u. the quality of being very important and needing attention immediately(紧急性，紧迫性)。(4)示例。

(2)示例The complete protocol for interaction between the host and a controller can be intricate, but the basic handshaking notion is simple(《Operating System Concepts》第 493 页)。。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

(2)示例To encapsulate the details and oddities of different devices, the kernel of an operating system is structured to use device-driver modules(《Operating System Concepts》第 490 页)。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

无。adv. only, nothing more than(仅仅，只是)。(2)示例These columns(柱子) have no function and are merely decorative.

(1)object storage 管理软件(2)示例Typically, this occurs on commodity hardware rather than RAID arrays. For example, HDFS can store N copies of an object on N different computers(《Operating System Concepts》第 484 页)。

无。(1)blurvt. to (make sth) become diffifult to see clearly(使模糊)。(2)示例Innovation, in an effort to provide better, faster, and less expensive solutions, frequently blurs the lines that separated previous technologies(《Operating System Concepts》第 481 页)。

(1)定义0~6.无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

(1)定义虽然平时经常看到 NAS 这个名称，之前都没注意到全称。无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

无。c. 也写作 life-span, the length of time for which a thing exists(寿命)。(2)示例。

c. large, shallow dish for holding food(大浅盘)。(2)示例Conceptually, HDDs are relatively simple (Figure 11.1). Each disk platter has a flat circular shape, like a CD(《Operating System Concepts》第 450 页)。

vi/vt. to be almost the same as. adj. not completely accurate but close(大概的).(3)示例。

(1)定义(2)实现方式u. great care and attention(小心, 谨慎)。c. an action taken in advance to prevent sth unpleasant, dangerous or inconvinient from happening(预防措施)。(3)示例。

(1)定义adj. remaining, not used up(剩下的)；c. sth left over(残存物，遗留物)。(2)示例(《Operating System Concepts》第 359 页)。

无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

(1)middles. the central point(中间的)；adj. in the central point(中间的)。(2)midstu/prep. among(在…之中)。之所以有这个疑问是初次查字典的时候，各词典都写着midst 的意思是“u. the middle point”，这让人看着很懵，难懂是一样的意思？其实不是。

书上使用的是 Java, 因本人在开发工作中使用的是 Python, 所以补充一些 Python 相关的内容。平时都没注意到这些(Python 官方文档：The Python Standard Library » Concurrent Execution » threading — Thread-based parallelism)，是我孤陋寡闻了。当然，现在只是知道了，还是不知道应用场景是什么，何时使用。

(1)为什么称为 reentrant lock？(2)Python 中的 rerentrant lockc. sth that is dangerous and likely to cause damage(危害，风险，隐患)

(1)semaphore: sema(“sign, signal”，参考 semantic) + phoros(“bearer”)

c/u. the state of lacking sth needed，a shortcoming, inadequacy(不足)。adj. lacking or not good enough(不足的)。(3)示例Suppose we want to modify the algorithm to remedy this deficiency(《Operating System Concepts》第 258 页)。

评估 CPU 调度算法需要考虑的因素有：CPU utilization, response time 或者 throughput。基于以上几个因素，选择依据为：adj. 1.monotonic literally means speaking in such a way that the sounds stays on the same note without going higher or lower(单调的，这里主要指声音方面的)。(2)示例。

Linux 系统上 vmstat 命令的作用是“Report virtual memory statistics”。

从本次安装 minikube 过程收获两点：1.搞懂每个命令的作用是什么。例如上面的 curl 是从 github 下载二进制文件，但如果你的网络不行怎么办？那就想办法从其它地方下载这个二进制文件，不必非得按照教程演示的使用 curl 命令。2.先动起来再完善。例如启动 minikube 的时候会提示“The “docker” driver should not be used with root privileges”，但如果你不用 root 用户去启动，那么你就得花更多的时间解决权限相关的问题。

Linux 系统上 vmstat 命令的作用是“Report virtual memory statistics”。c. a group of vehicles traveling together(车队，船队等)。vt. accompany (a group of vehicles) for protection(护送)。(2)示例。

(1)burstvi/vt. to break open suddenly(打开，裂开)。(2)示例Process execution begins with a CPU burst. That is followed by an I/O burst, which is followed by another CPU burst, then another I/O burst, and so on(《Operating System Concepts》第 200 页)。

无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

(1)fork: furca(“two-pronged fork(两刺叉), pitchfork(干草叉)”)c. a tool with prongs(尖齿)，即我们常说的“(吃饭用的，或者干活用的)叉子”。引申出“a point of divergence(such as road) evolved from its physical shape”之意。(2)示例。

(1)示例书上介绍的是 Java thread poo, 因为本人工作中使用的编程语言是 Python, 所以补充一下 Python 中的 thread pool 用例。try:else:无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

adj. Trivial is from trivialis(“a place three roads meet”), over time, trivial means “havingf little value and importance(微不足道的)”。(2)示例。

（1)定义adj. pertaining to expericence(以经验为依据的)。(3)示例Empirically gauging the difference in overhead can be difficult, but in general thread creation consumes less time and memory than process creation(《Operating System Concepts》第 162 页)。

(1)定义无。关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

adj. describing sth that is limited or has defined boundaries(有明确边界)。bind的过去式是bound, bound的过去式是 bounded。

ps, top。u. the process of adjusting sth to achieve the desired performance or sound(调优).

vi. to explain sth that you have said(详细说明，详尽阐述)。示例：This environment, also known as Darwin, includes the Mach microkernel and the BSD UNIX kernel. We will elaborate on Darwin shortly(《Operating System Concepts》第 88 页)。

(1)mechanisim 定义(2)policy 定义(3)mechanism 和 policy 的区别(1)consensus: con-(“with, together”) + entire(“to feel, to think”, 参考 sense)s/u. to think or fell together, reflect agreement or harmony among a group(共识，一致意见).

(1) 定义(2) 类型示例：We may also read(), write(), or reposition() (rewind or skip to the end of the file, for example)(《Operating System Concepts》第 71 页)。