python笔记：2.1.5b特性_只读属性

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-26 17:57:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-26 17:57:23 发布

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分类专栏： python学习

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本文详细介绍了Python中类的定义与使用，包括属性、方法、构造函数、类方法及属性的访问控制。通过实例展示了继承的概念，子类如何调用父类的方法，以及属性的封装与访问。同时，探讨了只读属性的实现方式。

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue May 14 14:33:35 2019

@author: User
"""

class Human(object):
    
    domain = 'eukarya'
    def __init__(self, kingdom='Animalia',phylum='Chordata',
                order='Primates',family='Human Being'):
        self.kingdom = kingdom
        self.phylum=phylum
        self.__order = order
        self.family = family
    
    def typewrite(self):
        print('This is %s typing words!' %self.family)
    def add(self, n1, n2):
        n = n1 + n2
        print(str(n1) + '+' + str(n2) + '+' + str(n))
        print('You see! %s can calculate!' %self.family)
        
    @classmethod
    def showclassmethodinfo(cls):
        print(cls.__name__) #__name__属性，其值为类名
        print(dir(cls))    #使用dir列示本类的所有方法

    
class Female(Human):
    def __init__(self,gender='female', age = 15, bloodtype = ''):
        super(Female,self).__init__() #
        self.gender = gender
        self._age = age
        self._bloodtype = bloodtype
        
    @property
    def age(self):
        return self._age
    
    @age.setter
    def age(self, age_value):
        if not isinstance(age_value, int):
            raise ValueError('年龄必须为整数型')
        if age_value < 0:
            raise ValueError('年龄必须大于等于0')
        if age_value > 150:
            raise ValueError('年龄必须小于等于150')
        
    @property
    def bloodtype(self):
        return self._bloodtype
      
MissLi = Female()
MissLi.age = 15
print(MissLi.age)

MissLiu = Female(bloodtype = 'B')
print(MissLiu.bloodtype)

MissLiu.bloodtype = 'AB'

运行：

15
B
Traceback (most recent call last):

File "<ipython-input-111-7ef3c6eba06e>", line 1, in <module>
runfile('D:/0python/2.1.5b特性_只读属性.py', wdir='D:/0python')

File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 786, in runfile
execfile(filename, namespace)

File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 110, in execfile
exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

File "D:/0python/2.1.5b特性_只读属性.py", line 62, in <module>
MissLiu.bloodtype = 'AB'

AttributeError: can't set attribute