129. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers

本文介绍了一道经典的二叉树遍历问题:求所有从根节点到叶节点的路径所代表数字的总和。通过深度优先搜索(DFS)算法解决该问题,详细解释了递归过程及算法复杂度。

129. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers

Given a binary tree containing digits from 0-9 only, each root-to-leaf path could represent a number.
An example is the root-to-leaf path 1->2->3 which represents the number 123.
Find the total sum of all root-to-leaf numbers.
For example,

    1
   / \
  2   3

The root-to-leaf path 1->2 represents the number 12.
The root-to-leaf path 1->3 represents the number 13.
Return the sum = 12 + 13 = 25.

题目大意

从根结点到达叶子结点的路径代表一个数字,例如1->2->3代表数字123.
找到所有的路径所代表的数字,计算它们的和。

解题思路

利用DFS,终止条件为当前访问节点为空,或者没有子节点(即为叶子结点)。在当前访问节点不为空时,将当前结果向左移1个单位(十进制),即乘以10,并加上当前结点的值。
当存在子节点时,递归调用dfs,访问其子节点,并传入当前的结果。

算法复杂度

O(nlog(n))

代码实现

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
  int sumNumbers(TreeNode* root) { 
    return dfs(root, 0);
  }
  int dfs(TreeNode* root, int result) {
    // 空节点
    if (root == nullptr)
      return 0;
    // 子节点
    if (root->left == nullptr && root->right == nullptr)  
      return result*10 + root->val;  
    return dfs(root->left, result*10 + root->val) \
           + dfs(root->right, result*10+ root->val);
  }
};
解释下这些选项的功能:Options: -call_tree Create a context-sensitive call tree -compact_labels Show minimal headers -divide_by Ratio to divide all samples before visualization -drop_negative Ignore negative differences -edgefraction Hide edges below <f>*total -focus Restricts to samples going through a node matching regexp -hide Skips nodes matching regexp -ignore Skips paths going through any nodes matching regexp -intel_syntax Show assembly in Intel syntax -mean Average sample value over first value (count) -nodecount Max number of nodes to show -nodefraction Hide nodes below <f>*total -noinlines Ignore inlines. -normalize Scales profile based on the base profile. -output Output filename for file-based outputs -prune_from Drops any functions below the matched frame. -relative_percentages Show percentages relative to focused subgraph -sample_index Sample value to report (0-based index or name) -show Only show nodes matching regexp -show_from Drops functions above the highest matched frame. -showcolumns Show column numbers at the source code line level. -source_path Search path for source files -tagfocus Restricts to samples with tags in range or matched by regexp -taghide Skip tags matching this regexp -tagignore Discard samples with tags in range or matched by regexp -tagleaf Adds pseudo stack frames for labels key/value pairs at the callstack leaf. -tagroot Adds pseudo stack frames for labels key/value pairs at the callstack root. -tagshow Only consider tags matching this regexp -trim Honor nodefraction/edgefraction/nodecount defaults -trim_path Path to trim from source paths before search -unit Measurement units to display
最新发布
09-06
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