无法以读写方式挂载文件系统的解决办法

以读写方式将windows10文件系统/dev/sda4 挂在到/mnt/sda目录

$ mount -w /dev/sda4 /mnt/sda

The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0). Metadata kept in
Windows cache, refused to mount. Failed to mount ‘/dev/sda4’: The
NTFS partition is in an unsafe state. Please resume and shutdown
Windows fully (no hibernation or fast restarting), or mount the volume
read-only with the ‘ro’ mount option.

以上问题是由于windows10快速关机导致的cache缓存，强行加载会导致数据损坏，故linux拒绝了操作。

解决办法：
用ntfsfix命令修复驱动设备

$ ntfsfix /dev/sda4

参考：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_43b8fa920102y5vx.html