mysql 实现秒杀

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-03-31 06:10:09 发布 1.6k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

java+mysql实现商品抢购功能主要为大家详细介绍了java+mysql实现商品抢购功能，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下立即下载

MySQL实现秒杀

<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单
function build_order_no(){
return date('ymd').substr(implode(NULL, array_map('ord', str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values('$event','$type')";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//库存是否大于0
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id='$goods_id' and sku_id='$sku_id'";//解锁此时ih_store数据中goods_id='$goods_id' and sku_id='$sku_id' 的数据被锁住(注3)，其它事务必须等待此次事务提交后才能执行
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row['number']>0){//高并发下会导致超卖
$order_sn=build_order_no();
//生成订单
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values('$order_sn','$user_id','$goods_id','$sku_id','$price')";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id='$sku_id'";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog('库存减少成功');
}else{
insertLog('库存减少失败');
}
}else{
insertLog('库存不够');
}
?>

优化方案1：将库存字段number字段设为unsigned，当库存为0时，因为字段不能为负数，将会返回false

//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id='$sku_id' and number>0";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog('库存减少成功');
}

优化方案2：使用mysql的事务，锁住操作的行

<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date('ymd').substr(implode(NULL, array_map('ord', str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values('$event','$type')";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//库存是否大于0
mysql_query("BEGIN"); //开始事务
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id='$goods_id' and sku_id='$sku_id' FOR UPDATE";//此时这条记录被锁住,其它事务必须等待此次事务提交后才能执行
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row['number']>0){
//生成订单
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values('$order_sn','$user_id','$goods_id','$sku_id','$price')";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id='$sku_id'";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog('库存减少成功');
mysql_query("COMMIT");//事务提交即解锁
}else{
insertLog('库存减少失败');
}
}else{
insertLog('库存不够');
mysql_query("ROLLBACK");
}
?>

优化方案3：使用非阻塞的文件排他锁

<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big-bak",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date('ymd').substr(implode(NULL, array_map('ord', str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values('$event','$type')";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
$fp = fopen("lock.txt", "w+");
if(!flock($fp,LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB)){
echo "系统繁忙，请稍后再试";
return;
}
//下单
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id='$goods_id' and sku_id='$sku_id'";
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row['number']>0){//库存是否大于0
//模拟下单操作
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values('$order_sn','$user_id','$goods_id','$sku_id','$price')";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id='$sku_id'";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog('库存减少成功');
flock($fp,LOCK_UN);//释放锁
}else{
insertLog('库存减少失败');
}
}else{
insertLog('库存不够');
}
fclose($fp);

优化方案4：使用redis队列，因为pop操作是原子的，即使有很多用户同时到达，也是依次执行，推荐使用（mysql事务在高并发下性能下降很厉害，文件锁的方式也是）

先将商品库存如队列

<?php
$store=1000;
$redis=new Redis();
$result=$redis->connect('127.0.0.1',6379);
$res=$redis->llen('goods_store');
echo $res;
$count=$store-$res;
for($i=0;$i<$count;$i++){
$redis->lpush('goods_store',1);
}
echo $redis->llen('goods_store');
?>

抢购、描述逻辑

<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date('ymd').substr(implode(NULL, array_map('ord', str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values('$event','$type')";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//下单前判断redis队列库存量
$redis=new Redis();
$result=$redis->connect('127.0.0.1',6379);
$count=$redis->lpop('goods_store');
if(!$count){
insertLog('error:no store redis');
return;
}
//生成订单
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values('$order_sn','$user_id','$goods_id','$sku_id','$price')";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id='$sku_id'";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog('库存减少成功');
}else{
insertLog('库存减少失败');
}

模拟5000高并发测试
webbench -c 5000 -t 60 网址
ab -r -n 6000 -c 5000 网址

上述只是简单模拟高并发下的抢购，真实场景要比这复杂很多，很多注意的地方
如抢购页面做成静态的，通过ajax调用接口
再如上面的会导致一个用户抢多个，思路：
需要一个排队队列和抢购结果队列及库存队列。高并发情况，先将用户进入排队队列，用一个线程循环处理从排队队列取出一个用户，判断用户是否已在抢购结果队列，如果在，则已抢购，否则未抢购，库存减1，写数据库，将用户入结果队列。

测试数据表