目录
一、多表关系
二、多表查询概述
三、内连接【两张表共有的部分】
-- 1. 内连接:
-- 1.1 隐式内连接:[查询每一个员工的姓名,及关联的课程和名称]
select emp.name , course.course from emp , course where emp.course= course.id;
-- 1.2 显示内连接
select e.name, c.course from emp e join course c on e.course = c.id;
四、外连接【公共部分+(左部分or右部分)】
-- 2.1 [左外连接]
select e.*, c.* from emp e left outer join course c on e.course = c.id;
-- 2.2 [右外连接]
select e.*, c.* from emp e right outer join course c on e.course = c.id;
五、自连接【公共部分+(左部分or右部分)】
自连接既有内连接,也有外连接。
-- 3.1自连接 [内连接] [谁是谁的领导] [内连接:没有领导的人显示不出来]
select a.name '员工', b.name '领导' from emp a , emp b where b.leader = a.leader;
-- 3.2自连接 [外连接] [谁是谁的领导]
select a.name '员工', b.name '领导' from emp a left join emp b on a.leader = b.id;
六、联合查询
-- 联合查询:
-- 1、查询的数量必须保存一直【你第一个查全部,第二个也得查全部!】
-- union all [直接将两个合并,不会去重]
select * from emp where salary < 5000
union all
select * from emp where age < 30;
-- union [会去重]
select * from emp where salary < 5000
union
select * from emp where age < 30;
七、子查询
-- 1.标量子查询
select * from emp where course = 1;
select * from emp where course = (select id from course where course.course = '语文');
-- 2.列子查询 [查询emp中的课程1和2]
select * from emp where course in (1,2);
select * from emp where course in (select id from course where course.course = '语文' or course.course='数学');
-- 3.行子查询
select * from emp where course=1 and gander = 0;
select * from emp where (course , gander) = (0,1);
-- 查询 和a2 有同样的course和gander的人员
select * from emp where (course , gander) = (select course, gander from emp where name='a2');
-- 4.表子查询