∂a∂x=0 \frac{\partial a}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=0\\ ∂x∂a=0
∂x∂x=I \frac{\partial \boldsymbol x}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=I\\ ∂x∂x=I
∂Ax∂x=AT \frac{\partial A\boldsymbol x}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=A^T ∂x∂Ax=AT
∂xTA∂x=A \frac{\partial \boldsymbol x^TA}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=A ∂x∂xTA=A
∂xTAx∂x=(A+AT)x \frac{\partial \boldsymbol x^TA\boldsymbol x}{\partial\boldsymbol x}=(A+A^T)\boldsymbol x ∂x∂xTAx=(A+AT)x
∂aTx∂x=∂xTa∂x=a \frac{\partial a^T\boldsymbol x}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=\frac{\partial \boldsymbol x^Ta}{\partial \boldsymbol x}=a ∂x∂aTx=∂x∂xTa=a