无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 以飞行基站 (FBS) 的形式辅助 5G 通信附matlab代码

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⛄ 内容介绍

Investigating the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) assisted 5G communications in the form of flying base stations (FBSs). The techniques deployed include assessing, improving, and developing optimization methods to route drones that carry Flying Base Station (FBS) enhancing the terrestrial 5G network infrastructure. One way being effectively collecting and transmitting data through line of sight (LoS) communication to support flash crowds, machine type communication (IoTs), analysis of energy consumption, and total time to complete the tasks.

⛄ 部分代码

xv1 = [2 -2 4]; 

yv1 = [2 2 5.464];

xv2=[2 4 4];

yv2=[2 -1.4642 5.464];

xv3=[2 -2 4];

yv3=[2 2 -1.4642];

fx=[2,4]    

fy=[2,5.464]

%these coordinates represent traingle and the tangent in the three drone

%case

lx=[2,2];%lx and ly represent the two axis that cut the circle into 4 parts

ly=[0,4]; 

velocity=60 %velocity of the drone is 60m/s

power= 50   %power of the drone is 50W

d=zeros(5,1)

 n=50; % number of points that you want

 center = [2 ,2]; % center coordinates of the circle [x0,y0] 

 radius = 2; % radius of the circle

 angle = 2*pi*rand(n,1);

 rng(1)%fixes the points

 r = radius*sqrt(rand(n,1));

 x = center(1)+r.*cos(angle) ;%x coordinates of the points inscribed in my circle

 y = center(2)+r.*sin(angle);%y coordinates of the points inscribed in my circle

x(1)=2;

y(1)=2;%center of the circle coordinates which is the base station in our case where the drone should launch from

v=[x,y]

%first case when we have one drone

    figure(1)

    plot( x, y, 'r*');

    axis equal

    X = v;

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d1] = tspsearch(X,s)%the 2opt algorithm

    figure(2)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    opts = statset('Display','final');

    distance_to_finish_the_task1=d1*1000

    distance_onedrone=d1*1000

    time1=distance_onedrone/velocity

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

    figure(3)

    plot( x, y,'r*',ly,lx, 'r-');

    axis equal

    x_center = 2;

    y_center = 2;% coordinates of the center of the circle

    b=v(:,2);% each drone is going through one part of the circle the upper part for y>2 and lower part y<2 that is why the y coordinates are being called 

    X = v( b<=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d1] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(4)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    X =  v( b>=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d2] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(5)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    opts = statset('Display','final');

     distance2=[d1*1000 d2*1000];

    distance_to_finish_the_task2=max(distance2);

    time_to_finish_the_task2=distance_to_finish_the_task2/velocity;

    distance_twodrones=(d1+d2)*1000;

    time2=((d1*1000/velocity)+(d2*1000/velocity))/2;

    energy_consumption2=power*(distance_twodrones/velocity);

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

figure(6)

plot( x, y,'r*',xv3,yv3,'.-r',xv1,yv1,'.-r',xv2,yv2,'.-r',fx,fy, 'r-')

axis equal

a=v(:,1);

b=v(:,2);

in = inpolygon(a,b,xv1,yv1);

g= [a(in),b(in)]

    X=g;

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d1] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(7)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

 in = inpolygon(a,b,xv2,yv2);   

  l= [a(in),b(in)] 

    X =  l;

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d2] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(8)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

   in = inpolygon(a,b,xv3,yv3);  

   m= [a(in),b(in)] 

    X = m;

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d3] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(9)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    opts = statset('Display','final');

    distance3=[d1*1000 d2*1000 d3*1000]

    distance_to_finish_the_task3=max(distance3)

    time_to_finish_the_task3=distance_to_finish_the_task3/velocity

    distance_threedrones=(d1+d2+d3)*1000

    time3=((d1*1000/velocity)+(d2*1000/velocity)+(d3*1000/velocity))/3

    energy_consumption3=power*(distance_threedrones/velocity)

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

    X = v(a<=x_center & b<=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d1] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(10)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    X =  v(a<=x_center & b>=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d2] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(11)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    X = v(a>=x_center & b<=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d3] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(12)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    X = v(a>=x_center & b>=y_center,:);

    s = size(X,1);

    [p,d4] = tspsearch(X,s)

    figure(13)

    tspplot(p,X,1)

    opts = statset('Display','final');

    distance4=[d1*1000 d2*1000 d3*1000 d4*1000];

    distance_to_finish_the_task4=max(distance4);

    time_to_finish_the_task4= distance_to_finish_the_task4/velocity;

    distance_fourdrones=(d1+d2+d3+d4)*1000;

    time4=((d1*1000/velocity)+(d2*1000/velocity)+(d3*1000/velocity)+(d4*1000/velocity))/4;

    energy_consumption4=power*(distance_fourdrones/velocity);

number_of_drones = {'1drone';'2drones';'3drones';'4drones'}

distance = [distance_onedrone;distance_twodrones;distance_threedrones;distance_fourdrones];

time = [time1;time2;time3;time4];

energy_consumption = [energy_consumption1;energy_consumption2;energy_consumption3;energy_consumption4];

time_to_finish_the_task=[time_to_finish_the_task1;time_to_finish_the_task2;time_to_finish_the_task3;time_to_finish_the_task4];

distance_to_finish_the_task=[distance_to_finish_the_task1;distance_to_finish_the_task2;distance_to_finish_the_task3;distance_to_finish_the_task4];

xorigin=xlim %starting from zero 

yorigin=ylim %starting from zero

drones_1dist=sqrt(((time1-xorigin(1))^2 )+((energy_consumption1-yorigin(1))^2))

drones_2dist=sqrt(((time2-xorigin(1))^2 )+((energy_consumption2-yorigin(1))^2))

drones_3dist=sqrt(((time3-xorigin(1))^2 )+((energy_consumption3-yorigin(1))^2))

drones_4dist=sqrt(((time4-xorigin(1))^2 )+((energy_consumption4-yorigin(1))^2))

trade_off=[drones_1dist;drones_2dist;drones_3dist;drones_4dist]

best_trade_off=min([drones_2dist,drones_3dist,drones_1dist,drones_4dist])

table = array2table(trade_off);

table.Properties.VariableNames = {'distance_fourdrones'}

bar(trade_off)

%%%%%

timee= 7 + (9-7).*rand(n,1)

hovering_time=sum(timee)

total_energy_consumption1=power*((distance_onedrone/velocity)+hovering_time);

total_energy_consumption2=power*((distance_twodrones/velocity)+hovering_time);

total_energy_consumption3=power*((distance_threedrones/velocity)+hovering_time);

total_energy_consumption4=power*((distance_fourdrones/velocity)+hovering_time);

total_energy_consumption=[total_energy_consumption1;total_energy_consumption2;total_energy_consumption3;total_energy_consumption4];

total_time=[time1+hovering_time;time2+hovering_time;time3+hovering_time;time4+hovering_time];

total_time_to_finish_the_task=[time_to_finish_the_task1+hovering_time;time_to_finish_the_task2+hovering_time;time_to_finish_the_task3+hovering_time;time_to_finish_the_task4+hovering_time];

D=[distance_onedrone;distance_twodrones;distance_threedrones;distance_fourdrones];

drone_one1=[time1;time_to_finish_the_task1];

drone_one2=[time2;time_to_finish_the_task2];

drone_one3=[time3;time_to_finish_the_task3];

drone_one4=[time4;time_to_finish_the_task4];

data = [drone_one1 drone_one2 drone_one3 drone_one4 ];

figure(14)

hb = bar(data)

set(hb(1), 'FaceColor','r')

set(hb(2), 'FaceColor','b')

set(hb(3), 'FaceColor','g')

set(hb(4), 'FaceColor','y')

ylabel('Time in sec');

set(gca,'XTickLabel',{'average time spent by the drones','time to complete the task'})

set(hb, {'DisplayName'}, {'one drone','two drones','three drones','four drones'}')

legend()

figure(15)

labels = {'one drone','two drones','three drones','four drones'};

plot(total_time_to_finish_the_task,distance_to_finish_the_task,'o',total_time_to_finish_the_task,distance_to_finish_the_task)

text(total_time_to_finish_the_task,distance_to_finish_the_task,labels,'VerticalAlignment','bottom','HorizontalAlignment','right')

ylabel('Distance Covered by the UAV with the Longest Route');

xlabel('Time to complete the task in sec');

figure(16)

labels = {'one drone','two drones','three drones','four drones'};

plot(total_time_to_finish_the_task,total_energy_consumption,'o',total_time_to_finish_the_task,total_energy_consumption)

text(total_time_to_finish_the_task,total_energy_consumption,labels,'VerticalAlignment','bottom','HorizontalAlignment','right')

ylabel('Total Energy Consumption in Joules');

xlabel('Time to complete the Task by the UAVs in sec');

figure(17)

labels = {'one drone','two drones','three drones','four drones'};

plot(time,energy_consumption,'o',time,energy_consumption)

ylabel('Energy Consumption in Joules Excluding Houvering Energy');

xlabel('Time to Complete the Task by the Drones in sec Excluding houvering time');

text(time,energy_consumption,labels,'VerticalAlignment','bottom','HorizontalAlignment','right')

figure(18)

labels = {'one drone','two drones','three drones','four drones'};

plot(total_time,total_energy_consumption,'o',total_time,total_energy_consumption)

text(total_time,total_energy_consumption,labels,'VerticalAlignment','bottom','HorizontalAlignment','right')

ylabel('Total Energy Consumption in Joules ');

xlabel('Average Time Spent by the UAVs in sec');

figure(19)

[maxBar,maxIndex] = max(trade_off);

[minBar,minIndex] = min(trade_off);

figure(100)

bar(trade_off)

text(minIndex-0.5,minBar+5,'Best Trade Off')

set(gca,'XTickLabel',{'one drone','two drones','three drone','four drones'})

xtickangle(45) 

xlabel('Number of Drones');

ylabel('Euclidean Distance From the Origin to Each Drone in Meters')

title('Best Trade off')

box off

⛄ 运行结果

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