ndnSIM学习（一）——安装ndnSIM踩坑：克隆ndnSIM时git无法访问（连接超时）的解决方案

于 2021-10-01 22:37:12 发布
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分类专栏： NDN学习笔记 文章标签： git ndn github
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/MamiyaHasaki/article/details/120578299
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文章目录

前言

今天装网络仿真软件 ndnSIM ，我用的 Ubuntu20.04 ，装的版本是 ndnSIM2.8 ，把所有踩过的坑说一遍吧。

按照官方的教程https://ndnsim.net/current/getting-started.html， Ubuntu20.04 的安装代码应当为

sudo apt install build-essential libsqlite3-dev libboost-all-dev libssl-dev git python3-setuptools castxml

sudo apt install gir1.2-goocanvas-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 libgirepository1.0-dev python3-dev python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-pip python3-pygraphviz python3-pygccxml
sudo pip3 install kiwi

mkdir ndnSIM
cd ndnSIM
git clone https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ns-3-dev.git ns-3
git clone https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/pybindgen.git pybindgen
git clone --recursive https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM

cd <ns-3-folder>
./waf configure --enable-examples
./waf

然而遇到了很多问题，让我们跟着问题一步一步地来解决吧。

下载速度过慢

一开始 apt install 下载很慢，这是因为没有使用镜像源。这里使用清华镜像源，参考链接https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/dou3516/article/details/108196179

git clone过慢甚至无法访问

解决方案：使用github的镜像，如用镜像 https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/ （或者 https://hub.fastgit.org/ ）代替 https://github.com/ ，示例代码：

sudo apt install build-essential libsqlite3-dev libboost-all-dev libssl-dev git python3-setuptools castxml

sudo apt install gir1.2-goocanvas-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 libgirepository1.0-dev python3-dev python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-pip python3-pygraphviz python3-pygccxml
sudo pip3 install kiwi

mkdir ndnSIM
cd ndnSIM
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ns-3-dev.git ns-3
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/pybindgen.git pybindgen
git clone --recursive https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM

cd <ns-3-folder>
./waf configure --enable-examples
./waf

–recursice参数导致子模块无法使用git镜像

此时还会遇到一个问题，因为文章开头倒数第5行代码 git clone --recursive https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM 采用了 --recursive 递归下载子文件。然而递归下载时，又会使用 https://github.com/ 了，没有镜像加速，就会报这样的错

正克隆到 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD'...
fatal: 无法访问 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD/'：GnuTLS recv error (-54): Error in the pull function.
fatal: 无法克隆 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD' 到子模组路径 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD'
克隆 'NFD' 失败。按计划重试
正克隆到 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/ndn-cxx'...
fatal: 无法访问 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ndn-cxx/'：Failed to connect to github.com port 443: 拒绝连接
fatal: 无法克隆 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ndn-cxx' 到子模组路径 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/ndn-cxx'
克隆 'ndn-cxx' 失败。按计划重试
正克隆到 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD'...
fatal: 无法访问 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD/'：Failed to connect to github.com port 443: 拒绝连接
fatal: 无法克隆 'https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD' 到子模组路径 '/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD'
第二次尝试克隆 'NFD' 失败，退出

而实际上，子文件就只有 ndn-cxx 和 NFD ，所以我们可以手动用镜像下载。具体而言，就是把代码 git clone --recursive https://github.com/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM 更改为

git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ndn-cxx ns-3/src/ndnSIM/ndn-cxx

完整代码——

sudo apt install build-essential libsqlite3-dev libboost-all-dev libssl-dev git python3-setuptools castxml

sudo apt install gir1.2-goocanvas-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 libgirepository1.0-dev python3-dev python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-pip python3-pygraphviz python3-pygccxml
sudo pip3 install kiwi

mkdir ndnSIM
cd ndnSIM
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ns-3-dev.git ns-3
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/pybindgen.git pybindgen
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/NFD ns-3/src/ndnSIM/NFD
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/named-data-ndnSIM/ndn-cxx ns-3/src/ndnSIM/ndn-cxx

cd <ns-3-folder>
./waf configure --enable-examples
./waf

No module named ‘openssl’

这个问题很离谱，网上找不到靠谱的解决方案。按照链接http://www.04007.cn/article/478.html尝试了，然而 import OpenSSL 和 import ssl 都可以，就是 import openssl 搞不定。报错如下

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 119, in waf_entry_point
    run_commands()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 178, in run_commands
    parse_options()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 158, in parse_options
    ctx.execute()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Options.py", line 198, in execute
    super(OptionsContext,self).execute()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 85, in execute
    self.recurse([os.path.dirname(g_module.root_path)])
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/wscript", line 256, in options
    opt.recurse('src')
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/wscript", line 51, in options
    opt.recurse(module, mandatory=False)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/wscript", line 20, in options
    opt.load(['doxygen', 'sphinx_build', 'compiler-features', 'sqlite3', 'openssl'],
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 80, in load
    module=load_tool(t,path,with_sys_path=with_sys_path)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 373, in load_tool
    __import__(tool)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'openssl'

查看了下 OpenSSL 的位置，原来在 ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenSSL 。虽然不知道OpenSSL和openssl是不是一个玩意，但实在是没有别的办法了，只能自欺欺人改名了。

cp -r ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenSSL ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/openssl

然后还是失败，报错信息如下

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 119, in waf_entry_point
    run_commands()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 182, in run_commands
    ctx=run_command(cmd_name)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Scripting.py", line 173, in run_command
    ctx.execute()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Configure.py", line 85, in execute
    super(ConfigurationContext,self).execute()
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 85, in execute
    self.recurse([os.path.dirname(g_module.root_path)])
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/wscript", line 491, in configure
    conf.recurse('src')
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/wscript", line 59, in configure
    conf.recurse(module, mandatory=False)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/.waf3-2.0.18-ff4ae9f5cc05353d3dc3aeff8854ae69/waflib/Context.py", line 126, in recurse
    user_function(self)
  File "/home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/wscript", line 33, in configure
    conf.check_openssl(mandatory=True, use='OPENSSL', atleast_version=0x10001000)
AttributeError: 'ConfigurationContext' object has no attribute 'check_openssl'

在root用户目录下执行 grep -rl "check_openssl" ./ ，找不到 check_openssl 函数在哪，无奈之下，只能掩耳盗铃，注释掉 /home/ndn/ndnSIM/ns-3/src/ndnSIM/wscript 的 conf.check_openssl(mandatory=True, use='OPENSSL', atleast_version=0x10001000) 。

然后还遇到了一顿问题，我选择了放弃，并且按照上述流程，新建了一个叫做 newndnSIM 的文件夹，然后重新执行了那一串 git clone ，然后莫名其妙地编译成功了。我也懒得纠结到底是啥原因了，能用就行。

11月10日的更新：解决可视化visualizer打不开的问题

破案了！破案了！终于知道为什么 PyViz 安装不上了！我之前一直用不了 --vis 可视化，无论怎么 pip install 和 conda install 都不行。于是我放弃了可视化。

今天，一个偶然的机会，我又开了一个虚拟机，然后这次我没装 Anaconda ，直接装的 Ubuntu18.04 。自带的 Python 版本是 2.7 ，结果发现 ndnSIM 说我的 Python 版本是 3.6 。一查，发现 Ubuntu 自带两个版本的 Python ，我 pip 永远是在给 Python2 进行 pip ，于是安装 pip3 命令，解决可视化问题！芜湖！

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