2012-9-21傻可樂《新概念二笔记》L…

Warming up：
　 No matter how many mistakes you make or how slow you progress, you are still way ahead of everyone who isn't trying。

1. Knock it off!

2. I've got it covered.

3. How's life on the road?

4. How are you holding up?

5. What took you so long?

6. Bonnie gave me a heads up.

 

Lesson 82 Monster or fish?妖还是鱼

First listen and then answer the question.
     听录音，然后回答以下问题。
     What was the monster called?

原文

    Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea. Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar. A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line. Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way. When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long. It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail. The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

 

New words and expressions 生词和短语

monster  n. 怪物
 sailor  n. 海员
 sight  v. 见到
 creature  n. 动物，生物
 peculiar  adj. 奇怪的，不寻常的
 shining  adj. 闪闪发光的
 oarfish  n. 桨鱼

 

参考译文

    渔夫和水手们有时声称自己看到过海里的妖怪。虽然人们常常对水手们讲的故事付诸一笑，但现在看来，人们有时看到的这些“妖怪”很多不过是些奇怪的鱼。一些异常的生物偶尔会被冲到岸上来，但它们在海上却极少能被捕到。然而不久前，在马达加斯加附近的海里却捕到了一条奇怪的鱼。一条小渔船被一条咬住钩的强壮的大鱼拖到了几英里以外的海面上。那位渔民意识到这根本不是一条普通的鱼，于是千方百计不让它受到丝毫伤害。当终于把它弄上岸后，人们发现它身长超过了13英尺。它长着一个像马一样的头，有着大的蓝眼睛和闪闪发光的银色皮肤，还有一条鲜红色的尾巴。此鱼叫桨鱼，被送进了博物馆，现正接受一位科学家的检查。人们很少能看到活着的这类动物，因为它们生活在600英尺深的水下。

【New words and expressions】词汇解析
1、monster  n. 怪物
monster  ['mɔnstə] 
adj.巨大的, 庞大的

 

2.   sailor 水手 ['seilə]
a bad/poor sailor会晕船的人
a good sailor不晕船的人
a good seaman.善于驾船的人
a poor seaman拙于驾船的人

3.  sight [sait] 
1）n. 视力力好/差have good/bad sight.
ose one's sight失明
2）n. 看见
例句：After ten days at sea, we had our first sight of land. 在海上漂了10天之后，我们第一次看到了陆地。
Out of sight, out of mind. (谚)眼不见,心不烦
3）v. 看见
Eg：Several rare animals have been sighted there in recent years.

 

4. creature n.动物，生物
creature  ['kri:tʃə] 
n.生物, 动物, 人
Eg： This creature lives in the depth of the ocean.
这种生物生活在海洋深处。
animal beast creature brute cattle
这些名词均含“动物”之意。
animal:普通用词，指区别于植物和矿物而言的动物的总称。
beast:指有别于爬行动物、昆虫等的较大的四脚兽类或牛、马等牲畜。
creature通常指生物或动物，与非生动相对。指人时，则含怜悯或轻蔑的意味。
brute:特指野兽。用于人时，突出其野蛮或残忍。
cattle:指大牲畜，尤其指牛。

 

 

5、peculiar  adj. 奇怪的；特有的 [pi'kju:ljə].
例句：Language is peculiar to mankind. 语言是人类特有的 
It's your turn: 翻译：这个食物闻起来好奇怪。   

 

6、 shining发光的,光亮的,闪耀的  ['ʃainiŋ]
Shining eyes闪亮的眼睛
2 ）明亮的,光明的,光辉的
a shining future光明的前途
3 ）显目的,杰出的
a shining example一个明显的例子

 

 

7、oarfish n. 桨鱼  ['ɔ:fiʃ]  

【课文讲解】
1、Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.
渔夫和水手们有时声称自己看到过海里的妖怪。
Claim：
例句：     He claimed that he found the money in the forest.
           He claimed to be a Scot but had a powerful Liverpool accent.
           He claimed that Tom had stolen his wallet. 他声称汤姆偷了他的钱包
to have seen是不定式的完成式。
不定式的完成式用于不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前的情况，常用于believe，declare，find，say，see，know，think，understand等动词之后（这些动词常用被动语态）：
  I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time .
抱歉占用你这么长的时间。
I meant/intended to have invited him, but I forgot to do so.
我本想/本打算邀请他的，可是我忘记了。
  I hope/plan to have finished by 12.我希望/计划到12点钟以前就已完成。（相当于将来完成时）

 

2、Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish. 
虽然人们常常对水手们讲的故事付诸一笑，但现在看来，人们有时看到的这些“妖怪”很多不过是些奇怪的鱼。
at times       有时，偶尔==sometimes
sometimes   sometime    some time  some times
这一组词都是与时间相关的副词。
1）sometimes:是个频度副词，意为“有时”，表示动作发生的不经常性，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
 Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus.
他有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽车来。

2）sometime是个副词，意为“某时”，指时间上不确定的某一点，常用于过去时或将来时。
I saw him sometime in July.七月有一天我曾见到过他。
sometime:Sometimes I have lunch at school.

3）some time是个名词短语，意思是“一段时间”，在句中常与for，take等词连用。
some time:有时我在学校吃午饭。
I'll stay here for some time.我将在这儿呆一段时间。

4）some times 几次，几倍，好几次
on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always
I have been to the Great Wall some times.我去过长城几次。

sight 作动词，有猛然看见，瞬间看见的意思

 

 

3、Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea.
一些异常的生物偶尔会被冲到岸上来，但它们在海上却极少能被捕到。
out at sea      在远海，在外海

 

 

 4.     Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar.  [ˌmædə'gæskə]
然而不久前，在马达加斯加附近的海里却捕到了一条奇怪的鱼。
 

5.  A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line.
一条小渔船被一条咬住钩的强壮的大鱼拖到了几英里以外的海面上
往大海深处往外拖

 

6、Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way.
那位渔民意识到这根本不是一条普通的鱼，于是千方百计不让它受到丝毫伤害。
通常会说，Realizing that this was not an ordinary fish….意思是完全一样的可以互换
no的否定意味比not (a/an)要重（用于名词或形容词之前、系动词be之后）
They are no friends of ours. 他们根本不是我们的朋友。
This is no easy work.这绝对不是件容易干的活。
Make effort to do sth. 努力做某事
The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.当地的俱乐部努力去吸引更多的年轻人。

 

 

7.  When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long.
当终于把它弄上岸后，人们发现它身长超过了13英尺。
是由数次+计量n.+adj

 

8.  It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail.
它长着一个像马一样的头，有着大的蓝眼睛和闪闪发光的银色皮肤，还有一条鲜红色的尾巴。
 

 

9.  The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish.
此鱼叫桨鱼，被送进了博物馆，现正接受一位科学家的检查。
 形容词顺序关系：
口诀：美小圆旧黄，中国木书房

课文中出现好几次sea，但用法不同，我们挑出来来看一下

Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.在海上

Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea.在大海的深处

A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line.往大海深处往外拖

 

 被动语态的大量使用，有12处之多。总结被动语态。
语态，在英语中是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语的动词有两种基本语态，一种是主动语态（the active voice），表示主语为谓语的执行者。另一种是被动语态（the positive voice），而被动语态表示主语是谓语的承受者。

例句：She cleans her room every day.

      Her room is cleaned every day.

被动语态，我们通常用作不知道动词的执行者是谁的时候。或者认为没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者的时候。

例句： These bicycles are made in Shanghai.

       She is often praised for her good work.

被动语态，以be+done组成， be可以由各种时态组成

一般过去时 was/were done

一般现在时 be done

一般将来时 will be done

现在进行时 being done

现在完成时 has/have done

区别：

Laugh and Laugh at
laugh   v. 笑  Everybody laughed when the circus clown made his appearance.
laugh at       嘲笑……
  Wash and Wash up
wash   
① v. 洗，洗涤  wash oneself     洗澡
② v. 冲走，卷走. The little wooden house was washed away by the floods.
wash up ① v. 洗餐具
② v. 把……冲上岸 The dead body of a huge fish has been washed up on the shore.