英语语法
动词
谓语动词
- 主语+不及物动词||SadFat lives in Shanghai. SadFat sleeps.
- 主语+单及物动词+宾语||SadFat likes you. SadFat plays computer game.
- 主语+双及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语||SadFat teaches you English.
- 主语+复杂及物动词+宾语+宾语补语||SadFat consider you small.
- 主语+系动词+主语补语/表语||SadFat is tall. SadFat looks fat.、
谓语动词的时态气
谓语动词还拥有时间、状态和语气的功能,简称时态气。
时间有
- 过去 || 动词需要过去式
- 现在 || 动词普通
- 将来 || 需要助动词Will或者Shall 或者 be going to
- 过去将来 || 需要助动词will的过去式would 或者 was going to 或者 should
状态有
- 一般 || 动词普通
- 完成 || have + 过去分词
- 正在进行 || be + 现在分词
- 完成进行 || have + been + 现在分词
语气有
- 虚拟语气
- 陈述语气
- 祈使语气
时态和状态可以随意组合成16种时态
- 一般过去时 || 动词的过去式变位 || SadFat played computer game.
- 一般现在时 || 动词的变位 || SadFat plays computer game.
- 一般将来时 || will + 动词原型 || SadFat will play computer game.
- 一般过去将来时 || would + 动词原型 || SadFat said I would learn English.
- 现在完成时 || have的变位 + 动词的过去分词 || SadFat said I would learn English.
- 过去完成时 || have的过去式 + 动词的过去分词 || SadFat had eaten food for lunch yesterday, so i was not hungry at yesterday afternoon.
- 将来完成时 || will + have的原型 + 动词的过去分词 || SadFat will have eaten food for lunch tomorrow.
- 过去将来完成时 || would + have的原型 + 动词的过去分词 || SadFat said I would have learned English.
- 过去进行时 || be的过去式 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat will be eatting apple.
- 现在进行时 || be的变位 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat is eatting apple.
- 将来进行时 || will + be的原型 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat will be eatting apple.
- 过去将来进行时 || would + be的原型 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat would be eatting apple.
- 现在完成进行时 || have的变位 + be的过去分词 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat has been eatting apple.
- 将来完成进行时 || will + have的原型 + be的过去分词 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat will have been eatting apple.
- 过去完成进行时 || have的过去式 had + be的过去分词 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat had been eatting apple.
- 过去将来完成进行时 || would + have的原型 + be的过去分词 + 动词的现在分词 || SadFat would have been eatting apple.
时间需要注意时间段,过去将来需要有上下文的语境才能够实现,需要有过去的时间点作为依照,在过去的时间点的将来才用到过去将来时
完成状态需要看是否对时间有所影响。
过去完成时,也需要有一个时间点,让状态是否对过去这个时间点有影响才能使用到过去完成时。
非谓语动词
非谓语动词可以做除了谓语动词之外的所句子成分。
- 动词不定式||To eat or not to eat?
- 现在分词 ||Eating everyting,I servived.
- 动名词 ||Eating carrots is healthy.
- 过去分词 ||This is a half-eaten carrot.
助动词和情态动词
不能单独存在,需要搭配谓语动词存在,有自己的语法规则
句子成分
简单句
- 主语
- 谓语动词
- 宾语
- 宾语补语
- 主语补语/表语
- 定语 || The strong rabbit is mine.
- 状语 || SadFat runs Fast.
- 同位语 || An Student, SadFat, plays computer game.
复杂句
- 并列复合句
- 主从复合句
- 主句
- 从句