最小子串

本文介绍了一种寻找多个目标字符串在源字符串中最短覆盖子串的方法。通过构建单词的指针数组和计算hash值来提高搜索效率,并实现了算法的具体步骤。

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给一篇文章,里面是由一个个单词组成,单词中间空格隔开,再给一个字符串指针数组,比如 char *str[]={"hello","world","good"};

求文章中包含这个字符串指针数组的最小子串。注意,只要包含即可,没有顺序要求。

提示:文章也可以理解为一个大的字符串数组,单词之前只有空格,没有标点符号。

/*
 ============================================================================
 Name        : 10.c
 Author      : 
 Version     :
 Copyright   : Your copyright notice
 Description : 拆分内容,将每个单词的指针存入数组,用指针数组求出对应的hash值数组,

 ============================================================================
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int Type; /* 字符型数据*/

typedef struct LNode {
	Type data;
	struct LNode *next;
} LNode;

LNode* CreateListNode(int value) {
	LNode* pNode = (LNode *) malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	pNode->data = value;
	pNode->next = NULL;

	return pNode;
}

void ConnectListNodes(LNode* pCurrent, LNode* pNext) {
	if (!pCurrent) {
		printf("Error to connect two nodes.\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	pCurrent->next = pNext;
}

LNode* getLastNode(LNode* pHead) {
	LNode *p = pHead;
	while (p && p->next) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	return p;
}

void DestroyNode(LNode* pNode) {
	free(pNode);
}

unsigned int GetListLength(LNode* pHead) {
	unsigned int nLength = 0;
	LNode* pNode = pHead;
	while (pNode != NULL) {
		++nLength;
		pNode = pNode->next;
	}

	return nLength;
}
void insertToRear(LNode** head, Type elem) {
	if (!*head) {
		*head = CreateListNode(elem);
	} else {
		ConnectListNodes(getLastNode(*head), CreateListNode(elem));
	}
}

void traverse(LNode* head) {
	LNode* node = head;
	while (node) {
		printf("%3d", node->data);
		node = node->next;
	}
}

/*
 *截取字符串
 */
char* subString(char *src, int pos, int len) {
	char *p = src;
	char *substr = (char*) calloc(sizeof(char), len + 1);
	int i = 0;
	p += pos;
	while (len--) {
		substr[i++] = *(p++);
	}
	substr[i] = '\0';
	return substr;
}

int getHash(char *p) {
	int hash = 0;
	int length = strlen(p);
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < length; i++) {
		hash |= (1 << (p[i] - 'A'));
	}
	return hash;
}

int getHashByRange(char* str, int start, int length) {
	int hash = 0;
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < length; i++) {
		hash |= (1 << (*(str + i + start) - 'A'));
	}
	return hash;
}

void getIndexs(char *content, char* search[], int searchSize, LNode* indexArr[]) {
	int i = 0;
	int rear = 0, front = 0;

	int contentSize = strlen(content);
	int myLen = strlen(search[i++]);
	int maxLen = myLen, minLen = myLen;

	while (i < searchSize) {
		myLen = strlen(search[i++]);
		minLen = minLen > myLen ? myLen : minLen;
		maxLen = maxLen < myLen ? myLen : maxLen;
	}

	while (rear <= contentSize) {
		if (*(content + rear) == ' ' || *(content + rear) == '\0') {
			int difLen = rear - front;
			//单词长度在区间内
			if (difLen <= maxLen && difLen >= minLen) {
				for (i = 0; i < searchSize; i++) {
					if (!strcmp(search[i], subString(content, front, difLen))) {
						insertToRear(&indexArr[i], front);
					}
				}
			}
			rear += 1;
			front = rear;
		} else {
			rear++;
		}
		/*for (i = 0; i < searchSize; i++) {

		 printf("%3d", strcmp(search[i], "hello"));
		 puts(search[i]);
		 }*/
	}

}

int sumIndexCount(LNode* indexArr[], int rows) {
	int i = 0, sum = 0;
	for (; i < rows; i++) {
		sum += GetListLength(indexArr[i]);
	}
	return sum;
}

int findMax(int a, int b, int c) {
	int max;
	if (a > b) {
		max = a;
	} else {
		max = b;
	}
	if (max < c) {
		max = c;
	}
	return max;
}

int findMin(int a, int b, int c) {
	int min;
	if (a > b) {
		min = b;
	} else {
		min = a;
	}
	if (min > c) {
		min = c;
	}
	return min;
}

//找出最大公差
int findMaxDiff(int a, int b, int c, int* max, int* min) {
	*max = findMax(a, b, c);
	*min = findMin(a, b, c);
	return *max - *min;
}

//LNode转数组
int* getData(LNode *node) {
	int len = GetListLength(node);
	int *arr = calloc(sizeof(int), len);
	int i = 0;
	while (i < len) {
		arr[i] = node->data;
		node = node->next;
		i++;
	}

	return arr;
}

void printfStrByArrage(char* content, int begin, int end) {
	char* p = content + end;
	int rear = end;
	while (*(p++) != ' ') {
		rear++;
	}
	puts(subString(content, begin, rear - begin));
}

void findMinStr(LNode* n[], int rows, int* mx, int* mn) {
	int max = 0, min = 2100000000;
	int* p1 = getData(n[0]);
	int* p2 = getData(n[1]);
	int* p3 = getData(n[2]);

	int len1 = GetListLength(n[0]);
	int len2 = GetListLength(n[1]);
	int len3 = GetListLength(n[2]);
	int result = findMaxDiff(p1[0], p2[0], p3[0], &max, &min);
	int i, j, k;
	for (i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
			for (k = 0; k < len3; k++) {
				int pmax, pmin;
				if (result > findMaxDiff(p1[i], p2[j], p3[k], &pmax, &pmin)) {
					max = pmax;
					min = pmin;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	*mx = max;
	*mn = min;
}

int main(void) {
//文章内容
	char* content =
			"hello good kitty world my world is a hello good a world hello space";
	char *str[] = { "hello", "world", "good" };

	int rows = sizeof(str) / sizeof(char*);

	LNode* indexArr[rows];
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < rows; i++) {
		indexArr[i] = NULL;
	}

	getIndexs(content, str, rows, indexArr);

	int max = 0, min = 2100000000;
	findMinStr(indexArr, rows, &max, &min);
	printf("max:%3d,min:%3d\n", max, min);
	printfStrByArrage(content, min, max);

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}


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