在wsl下开发T113的主线linux（5）-构建ubi文件系统

接下来是构建文件系统，这里使用最新的buildroot
https://buildroot.org/download.htmlhttps://buildroot.org/download.html

tar xf buildroot-2022.11.tar.gz
cd buildroot-2022.11
make menuconfig

配置目标指令集类型

配置外部自定义编译器

配置生成文件系统类型为ubifs，最大逻辑擦除块数量决定了spinand的容量，我这里是128M的spinand，所以128M/128k = 1024

上面的这些配置操作可以用下面的默认配置文件代替，在configs文件夹创建sunxi_t113_spinand_defconfig文件，添加下面内容，使用make sunxi_t113_spinand_defconfig载入配置。

# architecture
BR2_arm=y
BR2_cortex_a7=y
BR2_ARM_FPU_VFPV4=y

# Toolchain
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_PATH="/home/wsl/arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_GLIBC=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_PREFIX="arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM_PREFIX="arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_GCC_12=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_HEADERS_4_20=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM_GLIBC=y
# BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_INET_RPC is not set
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CXX=y

# system

# kernel

# bootloader

# filesystem / image
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI=y
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI_PEBSIZE=0x20000
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI_SUBSIZE=0
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS=y
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_LEBSIZE=0x1f000
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_MINIOSIZE=0x800
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_MAXLEBCNT=1024
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_OPTS="-F"

配置完成后make开始编译，接下来就是漫长的下载编译过程，大概需要半小时。
编译成功后会生成output/images/rootfs.ubi，使用xfel命令写入。

xfel spinand erase 0x800000 0x7800000
xfel spinand write 0x800000 output/images/rootfs.ubi

复位发现没有启动成功，原来内核默认没有打开mtd和ubi支持，在内核配置添加下面选项

Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -> NAND -> SPI NAND device Support   
Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -> Enable UBI - Unsorted block images
File Systems -> Miscellaneous filesystems -> UBIFS file system support

或者在arch\arm\configs\sunxi_defconfig中添加

CONFIG_MTD=y
CONFIG_MTD_SPI_NAND=y
CONFIG_MTD_UBI=y
CONFIG_UBIFS_FS=y

后重新载入配置。

另外设备树中的启动参数和分区也需要修改

bootargs = "mem=128M ubi.mtd=3 rootfstype=ubifs root=ubi0:rootfs rw rootwait console=ttyS0,115200";

&spi0 {
	pinctrl-0 = <&spi0_pins>;
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	status = "okay";

	spi_nand: spi_nand@0 {
        #address-cells = <1>;
        #size-cells = <1>;
		compatible = "spi-nand";
		reg = <0>;

		partition@0 {
				label = "awboot";
				reg = <0x0 0x40000>;	/* 256K */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@40000 {
				label = "dtb";
				reg = <0x40000 0x40000>;  /* 256k */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@80000 {
				label = "kernel";
				reg = <0x80000 0x780000>;  /* 7.5MB */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@800000 {
				label = "rootfs";
				reg = <0x800000 0x7800000>;
		};
	};
};

修改完后重新写入spi-nand，系统顺利启动，一个标准linux 6.1的基础busybox文件系统就做好了，可以根据不同应用可在buildroot添加所需的命令，下面是我常用的一些命令，总之非常方便。

make menuconfig
System configuration  ---> [*] Enable root login with password
Target packages  ---> Networking applications  ---> dropbear
Target packages ---> Libraries ---> Hardware handling ---> tslib
Target packages ---> Text editors and viewers ---> nano
Target packages ---> System tools ---> htop
iperf3
coremark
dhrystone

make busybox-menuconfig
Archival Utilities ---> Make tar xxx, Autodetect compressed tarballs
Linux System Utilities ---> Support mounting CIFS/SMB file systems
Networking Utilities ---> httpd
Networking Utilities ---> ntpd
Networking Utilities ---> udhcpd
Process Utilities ---> Support thread display in ps/pstree/top
Process Utilities ---> pgrep
Process Utilities ---> pmap
Process Utilities ---> Show the number of users

完整启动日志

[I] AWBoot r6143 starting...
[I] SPI-NAND: W25N01GV detected
[I] SPI-NAND: read dt blob of size 22242 at 43.00MB/S
[I] SPI-NAND: read Image of size 5424416 at 49.00MB/S
[I]