【题目要求】
在一个2^k * 2^k(k>0)个方格中,有一个方格与其他方格不同(如图1)

(图1)
然后用以下四种L型骨牌(如图2)覆盖除特殊方格外的其他棋盘,且任何两个L型骨牌不得重复

(图2)
输出:
用这四种L型骨牌覆盖除特殊方格(0表示特殊方格)外的所有方格,如图3所示:
2 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
4 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
(图3)
【源码如下】
package Demo;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.print.attribute.standard.JobHoldUntil;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
public class chessBoard extends JFrame {
private int tr, tc, dr, dc, size;//定义各成员变量
int tile = 1;
float red,green,blue;
JPanel centerPanel;
JPanel southPanel;
JButton[][] button;
JTextField TrText, TcText, DrText, DcText, SizeText;
JLabel TrLabel, TcLabel, DrLabel, DcLabel, SizeLabel;
JButton OKButton;
JButton CancelButton;
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
public chessBoard() {
super();
setTitle("棋盘覆盖");
this.setResizable(false);
centerPanel = new JPanel();
southPanel = new JPanel();
OKButton = new JButton("确定或开始");
OKButton.addActionListener(new OKButtonAction());
CancelButton = new JButton("取消或清除");
CancelButton.addActionListener(new OKButtonAction());
setBounds(300, -10, 900, 900);//设置窗口大小与位置
TrText = new JTextField("0",2);//定义各组件
TcText = new JTextField("0",2);
DrText = new JTextField("0",2);
DcText = new JTextField("0",2);
SizeText = new JTextField("4",2);
TrLabel = new JLabel("起始方格坐标x: ");
TcLabel = new JLabel("起始方格坐标y: ");
DrLabel = new JLabel("特殊方格坐标x: ");
DcLabel = new JLabel("特殊方格坐标y: ");
SizeLabel = new JLabel("棋盘规模size: ");
TrText.setEnabled(false);
TcText.setEnabled(false);
int tR = Integer.parseInt(TrText.getText());
int tC = Integer.parseInt(TcText.getText());
int dR = Integer.parseInt(DrText.getText());
int dC = Integer.parseInt(DcText.getText());
int Size = 1;
for (int i=0;i<Integer.parseInt(SizeText.getText());i++)
Size*=2;
tr = tR;
tc = tC;
dr = dR;
dc = dC;
size = Size;
southPanel.add(CancelButton);//添加各组件到窗体
southPanel.add(TrLabel);
southPanel.add(TrText);
southPanel.add(TcLabel);
southPanel.add(TcText);
southPanel.add(DrLabel);
southPanel.add(DrText);
southPanel.add(DcLabel);
southPanel.add(DcText);
southPanel.add(SizeLabel);
southPanel.add(SizeText);
southPanel.add(OKButton);
getContentPane().add(southPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
class gridLayout {
public gridLayout() {
centerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, size));
button = new JButton[size][size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
button[i][j] = new JButton();
if (i == dr && j == dc) {
button[i][j].setBackground(Color.BLUE);
button[i][j].setText("<html><font size='3' color='white'>棋盘覆盖<br>Done By Java!</font></html>");
button[i][j].setEnabled(false);
}
centerPanel.add(button[i][j]);
}
}
}
private void sleep()
{
for (int i=0;i<100;i++)
for(int j=0;j<1000;j++);
}
public void ChessBoard(int tr, int tc, int dr, int dc, int size) {//算法实现
if (size == 1) // 棋盘方格大小为1,说明递归到最里层
return;
int t = tile++;// 每次递增1
Random rd = new Random();
red=rd.nextFloat();
green=rd.nextFloat();
blue=rd.nextFloat();
Color col = new Color(red,green,blue);
sleep();
int s = size / 2; // 棋盘中间的行、列号(相等的)
// 检查特殊方块是否在左上角子棋盘中
if (dr < tr + s && dc < tc + s) // 在
ChessBoard(tr, tc, dr, dc, s);
else // 不在,将该子棋盘右下角的方块视为特殊方块
{
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s - 1].setBackground(col);
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s - 1].setEnabled(false);
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s - 1].setText("<html><Font size='4',color='white'>"+t+"</Font></html>");
ChessBoard(tr, tc, tr + s - 1, tc + s - 1, s);
sleep();
}
// 检查特殊方块是否在右上角子棋盘中
if (dr < tr + s && dc >= tc + s) // 在
ChessBoard(tr, tc + s, dr, dc, s);
else // 不在,将该子棋盘左下角的方块视为特殊方块
{
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s].setBackground(col);
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s].setEnabled(false);
button[tr + s - 1][tc + s ].setText("<html><Font size='4',color='white'>"+t+"</Font></html>");
ChessBoard(tr, tc + s, tr + s - 1, tc + s, s);
sleep();
}
// 检查特殊方块是否在左下角子棋盘中
if (dr >= tr + s && dc < tc + s) // 在
ChessBoard(tr + s, tc, dr, dc, s);
else // 不在,将该子棋盘右上角的方块视为特殊方块
{
button[tr + s][tc + s - 1].setBackground(col);
button[tr + s][tc + s - 1].setEnabled(false);
button[tr + s ][tc + s - 1].setText("<html><Font size='4',color='white'>"+t+"</Font></html>");
ChessBoard(tr + s, tc, tr + s, tc + s - 1, s);
sleep();
}
// 检查特殊方块是否在右下角子棋盘中
if (dr >= tr + s && dc >= tc + s) // 在
ChessBoard(tr + s, tc + s, dr, dc, s);
else // 不在,将该子棋盘左上角的方块视为特殊方块
{
button[tr + s][tc + s].setBackground(col);
button[tr + s][tc + s].setEnabled(false);
button[tr + s ][tc + s ].setText("<html><Font size='4',color='white'>"+t+"</Font></html>");
ChessBoard(tr + s, tc + s, tr + s, tc + s, s);
sleep();
}
}
}
public class OKButtonAction implements ActionListener {//点下一个按钮时的事件响应
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
JButton whichButton = (JButton) e.getSource();//获取点击的事件,即是点下了哪个按钮
String whichName = whichButton.getActionCommand();
if(whichName.equals("确定或开始")) {
getContentPane().add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
int tR = Integer.parseInt(TrText.getText());
int tC = Integer.parseInt(TcText.getText());
int dR = Integer.parseInt(DrText.getText());
int dC = Integer.parseInt(DcText.getText());
int Size = 1;
for (int i=0;i<Integer.parseInt(SizeText.getText());i++)
Size*=2;
tr = tR;
tc = tC;
dr = dR;
dc = dC;
size = Size;
try {
gridLayout grid = new gridLayout();
grid.ChessBoard(tr, tc, dr, dc, size);
centerPanel.updateUI();
} catch (Exception EX) {
EX.printStackTrace();
}
panel.removeAll();
OKButton.setEnabled(false);
}
if (whichName.equals("取消或清除")) {//当你点下一个提示按钮时的事件响应
JLabel label = new JLabel();
label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
label.setText("<html><Font size='+8',color='red'><center><b><br> 您取消了操作或是 <br><Font size='+8',color='blue'><center>您清除了前一个棋盘……" +
"<br><Font size='+8',color='green'><center>下面是关于题目的介绍<br><br><br><br><br><br> </b></Font></html>");
// JLabel l = new JLabel("题目要求");
JTextArea area = new JTextArea("在一个2k x 2k ( 即:2^k x 2^k )个方格组成的棋盘中,恰有一个方格与其他方格不同," +
"称该方格为一特殊方格,且称该棋盘为一特殊棋盘。在棋盘覆盖问题中,要用4种不同形态的L型骨牌覆盖给定的特殊棋盘上除特殊方格以外的所有方格," +
"且任何2个L型骨牌不得重叠覆盖。",7,60);
area.setLineWrap(true);
area.setBackground(Color.blue);
area.setForeground(Color.white);
area.setFont (new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 14));
area.setEditable(false);
// FlowLayout layout = new FlowLayout();
// layout.addLayoutComponent(arg0, arg1)
panel.add(label,centerPanel );
// panel.add(l,southPanel);
panel.add(area,southPanel);
getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel.updateUI();
tile=1;
centerPanel.removeAll();
OKButton.setEnabled(true);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {//主函数方法实现
chessBoard chess = new chessBoard();
chess.setVisible(true);
Runtime run = Runtime.getRuntime();
run.gc();//手动清除数据垃圾
}
}

