Linux 时间管理

1.实验环境的搭建

需要两台虚拟机，我们创建两台虚拟机，创建完成之后，查看两台虚拟机的网络配置，配置完成之后，两台虚拟机互相ping一下，查看是否互通。

IP 192.168.79.136

IP 192.168.79.135

这样，我们的实验环境就搭建完成了。

查看主机时间（IP 192.168.79.135）

[root@localhost ~]# date
Sun Nov 17 10:21:25 PM CST 2024
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl
               Local time: Sun 2024-11-17 22:22:01 CST
           Universal time: Sun 2024-11-17 14:22:01 UTC
                 RTC time: Sun 2024-11-17 14:22:01
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no
[root@localhost ~]# 

修改时间

在系统中开启时间同步服务后无法用命令修改时间，如果要修改时间必须关闭时间同步服务。

[root@localhost ~]# date
Sun Nov 17 10:28:12 PM CST 2024
[root@localhost ~]#  timedatectl set-time "08:20:00"
Failed to set time: Automatic time synchronization is enabled
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop chronyd.service
[root@localhost ~]# date
Sun Nov 17 10:33:08 PM CST 2024
[root@localhost ~]#  timedatectl set-time "2025-08-20 10:07:00"
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl
               Local time: Wed 2025-08-20 10:07:15 CST
           Universal time: Wed 2025-08-20 02:07:15 UTC
                 RTC time: Wed 2025-08-20 02:07:15
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: inactive
          RTC in local TZ: no
[root@localhost ~]# 

查看时区

root@localhost ~]# timedatectl list-timezones 
Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
Africa/Algiers
Africa/Asmara
Africa/Asmera
Africa/Bamako
Africa/Bangui
Africa/Banjul
Africa/Bissau
Africa/Blantyre
Africa/Brazzaville
Africa/Bujumbura
Africa/Cairo
Africa/Casablanca
Africa/Ceuta
Africa/Conakry
Africa/Dakar
Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
Africa/Djibouti
Africa/Douala
Africa/El_Aaiun
Africa/Freetown
Africa/Gaborone
Africa/Harare
Africa/Johannesburg
Africa/Juba
Africa/Kampala
Africa/Khartoum
Africa/Kigali
Africa/Kinshasa
Africa/Lagos
Africa/Libreville
Africa/Lome
Africa/Luanda
Africa/Lubumbashi
Africa/Lusaka
Africa/Malabo
Africa/Maputo
Africa/Maseru

修改时区

[root@localhost ~]#  timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl
               Local time: Wed 2025-08-20 11:12:33 JST
           Universal time: Wed 2025-08-20 02:12:33 UTC
                 RTC time: Wed 2025-08-20 02:12:33
                Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: inactive
          RTC in local TZ: no
[root@localhost ~]# 

如何使用公共时间源

公共 ntp 地址

1. www.ntppool.org : 项目是一个提供可靠易用的 NTP 服务的虚拟集群， [0-3].asia.pool.ntp.org

2. 阿里云公共 NTP 服务器

Unix/linux 类 : ntp.aliyun.com,ntp1-7.aliyun.com

windows 类 : time.pool.aliyun.com

国家授时中心服务器： ntp.ntsc.ac.cn

注意：使用公共时间源是，必须确保你的主机能够联通网络。

[root@localhost ~]# ping ntp.aliyun.com
PING ntp.aliyun.com (203.107.6.88) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 203.107.6.88 (203.107.6.88): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=46.3 ms
64 bytes from 203.107.6.88 (203.107.6.88): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=45.8 ms
64 bytes from 203.107.6.88 (203.107.6.88): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=47.1 ms
64 bytes from 203.107.6.88 (203.107.6.88): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=45.7 ms
^C
--- ntp.aliyun.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 45.683/46.226/47.134/0.572 ms
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf

修改，保存退出，然后重启服务。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart chronyd.sevice
[root@localhost ~]# head /etc/chrony.conf
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (https://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst

# Use NTP servers from DHCP.
sourcedir /run/chrony-dhcp

# Record the rate at which the system clock gains/losses time.
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

[root@localhost ~]# 

搭建本地时间源

在时间服务器端，谁要把时间共享出去就在那台主机中设定（IP 192.168.79.136）

[root@localhost ~]# date
Sun Nov 17 11:11:38 PM CST 2024
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop chronyd.service
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl set-time "2025-10-07 08:20:00:
> ^C
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl set-time "2025-10-07 08:20:00"
[root@localhost ~]# date
Tue Oct  7 08:20:07 AM CST 2025
[root@localhost ~]# 

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
[root@localhost ~]# 

修改，然后保存退出，然后重启服务。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart chronyd.service
[root@localhost ~]# 

 在客户端（IP 192.168.79.135）

重启服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart chronyd.service
[root@localhost ~]#

如果出现错误，建议查看防火墙是否关闭，如果开着，请关闭防火墙在进行时间同步服务。