Linux中压缩工具tar、rar、zip的用法

一.Linux中常见的压缩格式有两种:

  • .gz  --是用gzip压缩工具压缩的
  • .bz2 --是用bzip2压缩的

 二.常用压缩命令

1.tar

参数:

  • c   -- 创建压缩文件
  • x   -- 释放压缩文件
  • v   -- 打印提示信息(可不写)
  • f    -- 指定压缩包的名字
  • z   -- 使用gzip压缩文件  (为方便区分,将文件压缩名写成 xxx.tar.gz)
  • j    -- 使用bzip2的方式压缩文件  xxx.tar.bz2

压缩命令:

tar 参数 压缩包的名字  原材料  --gz

例:

tar  zcvf test.tar.gz file

解压缩:

tar zxvf test.tar.gz -C 解压目录

2.rar

rar需要安装:sudo apt-get install rar

压缩:rar  a   压缩包名(这里和tar不同的地方在于不需要指定后缀) 压缩内容

压缩目录加参数  -r  递归压缩

解压缩 : rar   x  压缩包名    解压目录

3. zip

压缩:

zip   参数   压缩包名   原材料

如果有目录: 加上-r参数 

解压缩:

unzip  压缩包的名字   -d   指定目录

总结:

压缩命令模式:

tar/rar/zip   参数   压缩包名   原材料

解压缩命令模式:

tar/rar  参数   压缩包名  (-C)解压路径

unzip  压缩包名   -d   压缩目录

Linux下的rar压缩工具RAR 5.60 beta 1 Copyright (c) 1993-2018 Alexander Roshal 21 Mar 2018 Trial version Type 'rar -?' for help Usage: rar <command> -<switch 1> -<switch N> <archive> <files...> <@listfiles...> <path_to_extract\> <Commands> a Add files to archive c Add archive comment ch Change archive parameters cw Write archive comment to file d Delete files from archive e Extract files without archived paths f Freshen files in archive i[par]=<str> Find string in archives k Lock archive l[t[a],b] List archive contents [technical[all], bare] m[f] Move to archive [files only] p Print file to stdout r Repair archive rc Reconstruct missing volumes rn Rename archived files rr[N] Add data recovery record rv[N] Create recovery volumes s[name|-] Convert archive to or from SFX t Test archive files u Update files in archive v[t[a],b] Verbosely list archive contents [technical[all],bare] x Extract files with full path <Switches> - Stop switches scanning @[+] Disable [enable] file lists ad Append archive name to destination path ag[format] Generate archive name using the current date ai Ignore file attributes ap<path> Set path inside archive as Synchronize archive contents c- Disable comments show cfg- Disable read configuration cl Convert names to lower case cu Convert names to upper case df Delete files after archiving dh Open shared files ds Disable name sort for solid archive dw Wipe files after archiving e[+]<attr> Set file exclude and include attributes ed Do not add empty directories en Do not put 'end of archive' block ep Exclude paths from names ep1 Exclude base directory from names ep3 Expand paths to full including the drive letter f Freshen files hp[password] Encrypt both file data and headers ht[b|c] Select hash type [BLAKE2,CRC32] for file checksum id[c,d,p,q] Disable messages ierr Send all messages to stderr ilog[name] Log errors to file inul Disable all messages isnd Enable sound iver Display the version number k Lock archive kb Keep broken extracted files log[f][=name] Write names to log file m<0..5> Set compression level (0-store...3-default...5-maximal) ma[4|5] Specify a version of archiving format mc<par> Set advanced compression parameters md<n>[k,m,g] Dictionary size in KB, MB or GB ms[ext;ext] Specify file types to store mt<threads> Set the number of threads n<file> Additionally filter included files n@ Read additional filter masks from stdin n@<list> Read additional filter masks from list file o[+|-] Set the overwrite mode oh Save hard links as the link instead of the file oi[0-4][:min] Save identical files as references ol[a] Process symbolic links as the link [absolute paths] or Rename files automatically ow Save or restore file owner and group p[password] Set password p- Do not query password qo[-|+] Add quick open information [none|force] r Recurse subdirectories r- Disable recursion r0 Recurse subdirectories for wildcard names only rr[N] Add data recovery record rv[N] Create recovery volumes s[<N>,v[-],e] Create solid archive s- Disable solid archiving sc<chr>[obj] Specify the character set sfx[name] Create SFX archive si[name] Read data from standard input (stdin) sl<size> Process files with size less than specified sm<size> Process files with size more than specified t Test files after archiving ta<date> Process files modified after <date> in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format tb<date> Process files modified before <date> in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format tk Keep original archive time tl Set archive time to latest file tn<time> Process files newer than <time> to<time> Process files older than <time> ts[m|c|a] Save or restore file time (modification, creation, access) u Update files v<size>[k,b] Create volumes with size=<size>*1000 [*1024, *1] ver[n] File version control vn Use the old style volume naming scheme vp Pause before each volume w<path> Assign work directory x<file> Exclude specified file x@ Read file names to exclude from stdin x@<list> Exclude files listed in specified list file y Assume Yes on all queries z[file] Read archive comment from file
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