Sum It Up

本文探讨了给定整数目标值和整数列表的情况下,如何找出列表中所有可能的组合来达到目标值的问题。通过递归深度优先搜索的方法,实现了有效的解决方案,并提供了完整的C语言实现代码示例。

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http://poj.org/problem?id=1564

Description

Given a specified total t and a list of n integers, find all distinct sums using numbers from the list that add up to t. For example, if t = 4, n = 6, and the list is [4, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1], then there are four different sums that equal 4: 4, 3+1, 2+2, and 2+1+1. (A number can be used within a sum as many times as it appears in the list, and a single number counts as a sum.) Your job is to solve this problem in general.

Input

The input will contain one or more test cases, one per line. Each test case contains t, the total, followed by n, the number of integers in the list, followed by n integers x 1 , . . . , x n . If n = 0 it signals the end of the input; otherwise, t will be a positive integer less than 1000, n will be an integer between 1 and 12 (inclusive), and x 1 , . . . , x n will be positive integers less than 100. All numbers will be separated by exactly one space. The numbers in each list appear in nonincreasing order, and there may be repetitions.

Output

For each test case, first output a line containing `Sums of', the total, and a colon. Then output each sum, one per line; if there are no sums, output the line `NONE'. The numbers within each sum must appear in nonincreasing order. A number may be repeated in the sum as many times as it was repeated in the original list. The sums themselves must be sorted in decreasing order based on the numbers appearing in the sum. In other words, the sums must be sorted by their first number; sums with the same first number must be sorted by their second number; sums with the same first two numbers must be sorted by their third number; and so on. Within each test case, all sums must be distinct; the same sum cannot appear twice.

Sample Input

4 6 4 3 2 2 1 1
5 3 2 1 1
400 12 50 50 50 50 50 50 25 25 25 25 25 25
0 0

Sample Output

Sums of 4:
4
3+1
2+2
2+1+1
Sums of 5:
NONE
Sums of 400:
50+50+50+50+50+50+25+25+25+25
50+50+50+50+50+25+25+25+25+25+25

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
#include<stdio.h>
#define NN 1005
int g[NN],a[NN];
int m,n,flag,sum;
void DFS(int tot,int len)
{
int i,j;
    if(tot==0)
{
for(i=0;i<m-1;i++)
    printf("%d+",g[i]);
printf("%d\n",g[m-1]);
flag=1;
return;
}
if(tot<0||len>n)
return;
for(i=len;i<n;i++)
{
if(len==i||g[i]<sum&&g[i]!=g[i-1])//如过没有 g[i]!=g[i-1],会出现很多重复的;
{
a[m++]=g[i];
DFS(tot-g[i],i+1);
m--;//下一层还要用到;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int i,j,k;
while(scanf("%d%d",&sum,&n),sum,n)
{
flag=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    scanf("%d",&g[i]);
m=0;
DFS(sum,0);
if(flag==0)
printf("NONE\n");
}
return 0;
}
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