c#嵌入Python代码

c# 用pythonnet 嵌入Python代码

C# 用pythonnet 嵌入Python代码，可以导入第三方库和自己python代码

我的测试环境

• window10
• conda 23.1.0(python3.10.9)
• Microsoft Visual Studio Community 2022 (64 位) - Current版本 17.5.0

运行结果

步骤

1. 安装python(或anaconda)
2. 在VS项目NuGet中安装pythonnet
   • 工具->NuGet->管理…
3. 创建python环境
   • 创建专用虚拟环境（windows下首先切换到要建立虚拟环境的根目录下），执行

   conda create --prefix=D:\condaenv\env_name python=3.10
   

   路径及python版本根据需要自定义。
   • 使用Anaconda Prompt，激活虚拟环境

   conda activate F:\condaenv\env_name
   

   • 安装Numpypip install numpy
4. 如果为C#界面程序，需要配置为x64环境（与python吻合）
   • 鼠标放在VS项目上，右键属性->生成->常规->目标平台->选择x64
5. 如果是自己的代码，需要放到建立虚拟环境包目录“{虚拟环境安装位置}\Lib\site-packages”中
6. 代码示例
   • c#

   using Python.Runtime;
   using System;
   using System.Collections.Generic;
   using System.Linq;
   using System.Text;
   using System.Threading.Tasks;
   using System.IO;
   
   string pathToVirtualEnv = "D:\\condaenv\\env_name";
   //string pathToVirtualEnv = "E:\\anaconda3";
   Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", pathToVirtualEnv, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
   Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONHOME", pathToVirtualEnv, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
   Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONPATH", $"{pathToVirtualEnv}\\Lib\\site-packages;{pathToVirtualEnv}\\Lib;E:\\anaconda3\\Library\\bin;E:\\anaconda3\\Library\\usr\\bin;E:\\anaconda3\\Scripts", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
   
   Runtime.PythonDLL = "D:\\condaenv\\env_name\\python310.dll";
   //Runtime.PythonDLL = "E:\\anaconda3\\python310.dll";
   PythonEngine.PythonHome = pathToVirtualEnv;
   PythonEngine.PythonPath = PythonEngine.PythonPath + ";" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONPATH", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
   PythonEngine.Initialize();
   
   using (Py.GIL())
   {
       dynamic np = Py.Import("numpy");
       //dynamic np1 = Py.Import("test3");
       //Console.WriteLine(np1.Add(2));
       //Console.WriteLine(np.cos(np.pi * 2));
       //py.hello();
       double c = (double)(np.array(1));
       Console.WriteLine(c);
   }
   

   • winForm

   using System;
   using System.Collections.Generic;
   using System.ComponentModel;
   using System.Data;
   using System.Drawing;
   using System.IO;
   using System.Linq;
   using System.Text;
   using System.Threading.Tasks;
   using System.Windows.Forms;
   using Python.Runtime;
   
   namespace DemoPythonnet
   {
       public partial class Form1 : Form
       {
           public Form1()
           {
               InitializeComponent();
           }
           public dynamic np   = null;
           public dynamic a;
           public dynamic b;
           private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               string pathToVirtualEnv = "D:\\condaenv\\env_name";
               Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", pathToVirtualEnv, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
               Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONHOME", pathToVirtualEnv, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
               Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONPATH", $"{pathToVirtualEnv}\\Lib\\site-packages;{pathToVirtualEnv}\\Lib", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
   
               Runtime.PythonDLL = "D:\\condaenv\\env_name\\python310.dll";
               PythonEngine.PythonHome = pathToVirtualEnv;
               PythonEngine.PythonPath = PythonEngine.PythonPath + ";" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PYTHONPATH", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
               PythonEngine.Initialize();
               np = Py.Import("numpy");
           }
           private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               //使用第三方库
               using (Py.GIL())
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(np.cos(np.pi * 2));
   
                   dynamic sin = np.sin;
                   Console.WriteLine(sin(5));
   
                   double c = (double)(np.cos(5) + sin(5));
                   Console.WriteLine(c);
   
                   a = np.array(new List<float> { 1, 2, 3 });
                   Console.WriteLine(a.dtype);
   
                   b = np.array(new List<float> { 6, 5, 4 }, dtype: np.int32);
                   Console.WriteLine(b.dtype);
   
                   Console.WriteLine(a * b);
               }
           }
           private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               using (Py.GIL())
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(a * b);
               }
           }
       }
   }
   

感谢 https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/The_Moon_/article/details/127208124
感谢 https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_44064908/article/details/129270649