C++设计模式——抽象工厂模式_c++详解抽象工厂模式大白话讲解-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zhiyuan2021/article/details/108032764

本文深入讲解了抽象工厂模式，它是工厂方法模式的扩展，适用于创建一组相关产品的情况。通过代码示例，展示了如何使用抽象工厂模式来管理不同类型的对象创建过程，提高代码的灵活性和复用性。

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UML类图

现在要讲的抽象工厂模式，就是工厂方法模式的扩展和延伸，但是抽象工厂模式，更有一般性和代表性；它具有工厂方法具有的优点，也增加了解决实际问题的能力。

如图所示，抽象工厂模式，就好比是两个工厂方法模式的叠加。抽象工厂创建的是一系列相关的对象，其中创建的实现其实就是采用的工厂方法模式。在工厂Factory中的每一个方法，就好比是一条生产线，而生产线实际需要生产什么样的产品，这是由Factory1和Factory2去决定的，这样便延迟了具体子类的实例化；同时集中化了生产线的管理，节省了资源的浪费。

适用场合

工厂方法模式适用于产品种类结构单一的场合，为一类产品提供创建的接口；而抽象工厂方法适用于产品种类结构多的场合，主要用于创建一组（有多个种类）相关的产品，为它们提供创建的接口；就是当具有多个抽象角色时，抽象工厂便可以派上用场。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// Product A
class ProductA
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};
 
class ProductA1 : public ProductA
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductA1"<<endl;
    }
};
 
class ProductA2 : public ProductA
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductA2"<<endl;
    }
};
 
// Product B
class ProductB
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};
 
class ProductB1 : public ProductB
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductB1"<<endl;
    }
};
 
class ProductB2 : public ProductB
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductB2"<<endl;
    }
};
 
// Factory
class Factory
{
public:
    virtual ProductA *CreateProductA() = 0;
    virtual ProductB *CreateProductB() = 0;
};
 
class Factory1 : public Factory
{
public:
    ProductA *CreateProductA()
    {
        return new ProductA1();
    }
 
    ProductB *CreateProductB()
    {
        return new ProductB1();
    }
};
 
class Factory2 : public Factory
{
    ProductA *CreateProductA()
    {
        return new ProductA2();
    }
 
    ProductB *CreateProductB()
    {
        return new ProductB2();
    }
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    Factory *factoryObj1 = new Factory1();
    ProductA *productObjA1 = factoryObj1->CreateProductA();
    ProductB *productObjB1 = factoryObj1->CreateProductB();
 
    productObjA1->Show();
    productObjB1->Show();
 
    Factory *factoryObj2 = new Factory2();
    ProductA *productObjA2 = factoryObj2->CreateProductA();
    ProductB *productObjB2 = factoryObj2->CreateProductB();
 
    productObjA2->Show();
    productObjB2->Show();
 
    if (factoryObj1 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj1;
        factoryObj1 = NULL;
    }
 
    if (productObjA1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA1;
        productObjA1= NULL;
    }
 
    if (productObjB1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB1;
        productObjB1 = NULL;
    }
 
    if (factoryObj2 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj2;
        factoryObj2 = NULL;
    }
 
    if (productObjA2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA2;
        productObjA2 = NULL;
    }
 
    if (productObjB2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB2;
        productObjB2 = NULL;
    }
}

生产手机：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Product A
class ProductHigh
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};

class ProductXiaomi : public ProductHigh
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductXiaomi_10"<<endl;
    }
};

class ProductHuaweiMate : public ProductHigh
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductHuaweiMate"<<endl;
    }
};

// Product B
class ProductMiddle
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};

class ProductRedmi : public ProductMiddle
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductRedmi"<<endl;
    }
};

class ProductHonour : public ProductMiddle
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductHonour"<<endl;
    }
};

// Factory
class Factory
{
public:
    virtual ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone() = 0;
    virtual ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone() = 0;
};

class FactoryFoxconn : public Factory
{
public:
    ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone()
    {
        return new ProductXiaomi();
    }

    ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone()
    {
        return new ProductRedmi();
    }
};

class FactoryBYD : public Factory
{
    ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone()
    {
        return new ProductHuaweiMate();
    }

    ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone()
    {
        return new ProductHonour();
    }
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    cout << "********FactoryFoxcon*************" << endl;
    Factory *factoryObj1 = new FactoryFoxconn();
    ProductHigh *productObjA1 = factoryObj1->ProductHighPhone();
    ProductMiddle *productObjB1 = factoryObj1->ProductMiddlePhone();
    productObjA1->Show();
    productObjB1->Show();


    cout << "*************FactoryBYD*************" << endl;
    Factory *factoryObj2 = new FactoryBYD();
    ProductHigh *productObjA2 = factoryObj2->ProductHighPhone();
    ProductMiddle *productObjB2 = factoryObj2->ProductMiddlePhone();

    productObjA2->Show();
    productObjB2->Show();

    if (factoryObj1 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj1;
        factoryObj1 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjA1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA1;
        productObjA1= NULL;
    }

    if (productObjB1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB1;
        productObjB1 = NULL;
    }

    if (factoryObj2 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj2;
        factoryObj2 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjA2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA2;
        productObjA2 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjB2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB2;
        productObjB2 = NULL;
    }
}

以高中端划分：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Product A
class ProductHigh
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};

class ProductXiaomi : public ProductHigh
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductXiaomi_10"<<endl;
    }
};

class ProductHuaweiMate : public ProductHigh
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductHuaweiMate"<<endl;
    }
};

// Product B
class ProductMiddle
{
public:
    virtual void Show() = 0;
};

class ProductRedmi : public ProductMiddle
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductRedmi"<<endl;
    }
};

class ProductHonour : public ProductMiddle
{
public:
    void Show()
    {
        cout<<"I'm ProductHonour"<<endl;
    }
};

// Factory
class Factory
{
public:
    virtual ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone() = 0;
    virtual ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone() = 0;
};

class FactoryFoxconn : public Factory
{
public:
    ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone()
    {
        return new ProductXiaomi();
    }

    ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone()
    {
        return new ProductRedmi();
    }
};

class FactoryBYD : public Factory
{
    ProductHigh *ProductHighPhone()
    {
        return new ProductHuaweiMate();
    }

    ProductMiddle *ProductMiddlePhone()
    {
        return new ProductHonour();
    }
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    cout << "********FactoryFoxcon*************" << endl;
    Factory *factoryObj1 = new FactoryFoxconn();
    ProductHigh *productObjA1 = factoryObj1->ProductHighPhone();
    ProductMiddle *productObjB1 = factoryObj1->ProductMiddlePhone();
    productObjA1->Show();
    productObjB1->Show();


    cout << "*************FactoryBYD*************" << endl;
    Factory *factoryObj2 = new FactoryBYD();
    ProductHigh *productObjA2 = factoryObj2->ProductHighPhone();
    ProductMiddle *productObjB2 = factoryObj2->ProductMiddlePhone();

    productObjA2->Show();
    productObjB2->Show();

    if (factoryObj1 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj1;
        factoryObj1 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjA1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA1;
        productObjA1= NULL;
    }

    if (productObjB1 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB1;
        productObjB1 = NULL;
    }

    if (factoryObj2 != NULL)
    {
        delete factoryObj2;
        factoryObj2 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjA2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjA2;
        productObjA2 = NULL;
    }

    if (productObjB2 != NULL)
    {
        delete productObjB2;
        productObjB2 = NULL;
    }
}