【题目】
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c, and d in S such that a + b + c + d = target? Find all unique quadruplets in the array which gives the sum of target.
Note:
- Elements in a quadruplet (a,b,c,d) must be in non-descending order. (ie, a ≤ b ≤ c ≤ d)
- The solution set must not contain duplicate quadruplets.
For example, given array S = {1 0 -1 0 -2 2}, and target = 0.
A solution set is:
(-1, 0, 0, 1)
(-2, -1, 1, 2)
(-2, 0, 0, 2)
【解析】
3Sum 和 3Sum Closest 的扩展,同样思路,加强理解。
K Sum 问题的时间复杂度好像为 O(n^(k-1)) ?!如果有更好的,欢迎指教!
【Java代码】
- public class Solution {
- List<List<Integer>> ret = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
- public List<List<Integer>> fourSum(int[] num, int target) {
- if (num == null || num.length < 4) return ret;
- Arrays.sort(num);
- int len = num.length;
- for (int i = 0; i < len-3; i++) {
- if (i > 0 && num[i] == num[i-1]) continue;
- for (int j = i+1; j < len-2; j++) {
- if (j > i+1 && num[j] == num[j-1]) continue;
- findTwo(num, j+1, len-1, target, num[i], num[j]);
- }
- }
- return ret;
- }
- public void findTwo(int[] num, int begin, int end, int target, int a, int b) {
- if (begin < 0 || end >= num.length) return;
- int l = begin, r = end;
- while (l < r) {
- if (a+b+num[l]+num[r] < target) {
- l++;
- } else if (a+b+num[l]+num[r] > target) {
- r--;
- } else {
- List<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<Integer>();
- ans.add(a);
- ans.add(b);
- ans.add(num[l]);
- ans.add(num[r]);
- ret.add(ans);
- l++;
- r--;
- while (l < r && num[l] == num[l-1]) l++;
- while (l < r && num[r] == num[r+1]) r--;
- }
- }
- }
- }
本文探讨了如何寻找数组中四个元素之和等于目标值的所有唯一四元组,并确保四元组内的元素按非递减顺序排列。文章提供了一种有效的解决方案,并附带Java实现代码。该方法是对3Sum问题的扩展,通过排序和双指针技巧避免重复结果。
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