在STP中,由于STP存在次优路径等因素,我们在此实验中使用MSTP协议来完成,MSTP更好的解决在网络中所存在的一些问题,MSTP兼容STP和RSTP。
接下来我们看到配置实现:
步骤一:首先我们给PC添加P地址
相信各位都懂的IP地址的基础配置了,此处我就省去IP地址的配置了。
步骤二:配置实验中交换机的各个接口类型
SW1
[Huawei]sy SW1 //将名称改为SW1
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 //vlan batch用于创建多个vlan
[SW1]int g0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk //将链路类型设为trunk口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有vlan通过
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[SW1]int g0/0/2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk //将链路类型设为trunk口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有vlan通过
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[SW1]int g0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //将链路类型设为access口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 //将此接口加入vlan10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]int g0/0/4
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access //将链路类型设为access口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20 //将此接口加入vlan10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit
SW2
[Huawei]sy SW2
[SW2]vlan batch 10 20
[SW2]int g0/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SW2]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[SW2]int g0/0/3
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
SW3
[Huawei]sy SW3
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20
[SW3]int g0/0/1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SW3]int g0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[SW3]int g0/0/3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
步骤三:创建生成树实例,并且将相应vlan加入到生成树实例中
此时我们先查看stp的摘要信息;命令为display stp brief
[SW1]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[SW2]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[SW3]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
在SW3的GigabitEthernet0/0/2接口可以看出,此接口已被阻塞,所以PC2在访问PC1的时候路径为PC2>SW1>SW3>SW2>PC1。
从此路径我们可以看出实验中已经存在了次优路径,那么我们接下来就使用生成树实例来解决这个问题。
配置实现
[SW1]stp region-configuration //进入stp标题配置视图
[SW1-mst-region]region-name huawei //将此标题名改为huawei
[SW1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 //创建实例1并将vlan10加入到实例1中
[SW1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 //创建实例2并将vlan20加入到实例1中
[SW1-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活配置
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]stp region-configuration //进入stp标题配置视图
[SW2-mst-region]region-name huawei //将此标题名改为huawei
[SW2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 //创建实例1并将vlan10加入到实例1中
[SW2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 //创建实例2并将vlan20加入到实例1中
[SW2-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活配置
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW3]stp region-configuration //进入stp标题配置视图
[SW3-mst-region]region-name huawei //将此标题名改为huawei
[SW3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 //创建实例1并将vlan10加入到实例1中
[SW3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 //创建实例2并将vlan20加入到实例1中
[SW3-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活配置
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
配置完成后有一条关键命令为active region-configuration ,此命令为激活视图内的配置,如果不输入此命令,之前的配置将不会生效。
步骤四:配置根端口和备份根端口
[SW2]stp instance 1 priority 0 //将SW2的优先级设为0,SW2成为实例1的根桥
[SW2]stp instance 2 root secondary //将SW2设为实例2的备份根桥
[SW3]stp instance 2 root primary //直接将SW3设为实例2的根桥
[SW3]stp instance 1 root secondary //将SW1设为实例2的备份根桥
此时我们在根桥上查看stp的摘要信息,对比之前的信息看到默认的MSTID是0,而我们创建的生成树实例1和2此时也出现在表中。
[SW1]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[SW2]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[SW3]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
在SW1中查看,可以看出实例1中GigabitEthernet0/0/1为阻塞端口,此时PC2访问PC1走A线路,接着查看SW1中的实例2,阻塞端口为GigabitEthernet0/0/2,此时我们在SW3的GigabitEthernet0/0/2接口抓包查看ICMP报文,
可以看到有数据包通过,PC4数据包发往PC3的路径为B线路,这说明生成树实例二成功应用在此实验中。为了查看最终实验效果,我们接着查看PC2前往PC1的线路是否为我们理想的A线路,现在我们在SW2的GigabitEthernet0/0/3口开始抓包。
可以看出 有ICMP的报文通过,说明PC2访问PC1走的是A线路,实例1也成功的应用。