1.服务器端:
/// <summary>
/// 实现IExtensibleDataObject接口,表示这个类的派生类也可以序列化
/// IsRequired表示该属性是否需要赋值之后才能序列化
///
/// 注意:此类上没有标记KnownType属性,于是在客户端找不到School的派生类
/// 若是在此类上没有KnownType标记,在契约接口上使用ServiceKnownType标记也是可以的
/// 当然,ServiceKnownType标记也是可以应用在接口里面的方法上面的
/// </summary>
[DataContract(Name = "SchoolEntity", Namespace = "http://schemas.yoyo/zhu")]
//[KnownType(typeof(Teacher))]
//[KnownType(typeof(Student))]
public class School : IExtensibleDataObject
{
/// <summary>
/// 学校编号
/// </summary>
[DataMember(Name = "Num", IsRequired = true, Order = 0)]
public string s_Num { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 学校名称
/// </summary>
[DataMember(Name = "Name", IsRequired = true, Order = 1)]
public string s_Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 描述
/// </summary>
[DataMember(Name = "Description", IsRequired = false, Order = 2)]
public string s_Description { get; set; }
private ExtensionDataObject extensionDataObject;
#region IExtensibleDataObject 成员
public ExtensionDataObject ExtensionData
{
get
{
return extensionDataObject;
}
set
{
extensionDataObject = value;
}
}
#endregion
}
派生类:
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.yoyo/zhu")]
public class Student : School
{
public Student()
{
this.s_SchoolDerivedClass = SchoolEnmu.Student;
}
}
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.yoyo/zhu")]
public class Teacher : School
{
public Teacher()
{
this.s_SchoolDerivedClass = SchoolEnmu.Teacher;
}
}
2.契约
[ServiceContract(Name = "IKonwTypeService", Namespace = "http://www.yoyo/zhu")]
[ServiceKnownType(typeof(Teacher))]
[ServiceKnownType(typeof(Student))]
public interface IKonwTypeService
{
[OperationContract]
void AddTeacher(School sc);
[OperationContract]
List<School> GetTeacher();
}
//这个ServiceBehavior可有可无
//[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerSession)]
public class KonwTypeService : IKonwTypeService
{
private static School school;
#region IKonwTypeService 成员
public void AddTeacher(School sc)
{
school = sc;
}
public List<School> GetTeacher()
{
List<School> list = new List<School>();
list.Add(school);
return list;
}
#endregion
}
3.宿主环境配置:
ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(KonwTypeService));
host.Open();
Console.WriteLine("宿主服务已启动!");
Console.ReadKey();
<system.serviceModel>
<services>
<service name="KonwTypeServices.KonwTypeService" behaviorConfiguration="serviceBehavior">
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8044"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
<endpoint address="KonwTypeService" contract="KonwTypeServices.IKonwTypeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" />
<endpoint contract="IMetadataExchange" binding="mexHttpBinding" address="mex" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="serviceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
4.客户端(引用服务的方式见WCF学习笔记(二))
5.注意:当ServiceKnownType和KnownType标记都没使用时,可以在配置文件里面添加如下代码,在客户端也能生成其派生类
<system.runtime.serialization>
<dataContractSerializer>
<declaredTypes>
<add type="EntityModel.School, EntityModel, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null">
<knownType type="EntityModel.Student, EntityModel, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" />
<knownType type="EntityModel.Teacher, EntityModel, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" />
</add>
</declaredTypes>
</dataContractSerializer>
</system.runtime.serialization>
小结:
KnowType表示:在WCF中一个继承类可以转换成其父类,加上这个标签后,父类也可以转成子类,从而保留多态性。同时,客户端还不会生成子类的相应信息。
ServiceKnowType:当提供的服务中有参数是上面提及的父类,为了把这个父类的派生类带出来,于是需要在接口上面使用ServiceKnowType指定其派生类。当只需要在某个方法上面使用该父类的派生类,就可
以在该方法的上面使用ServiceKnowType指定即可。
在WCF中,继承的接口和类是反映不到客户端的,因此说WCF牺牲了OO的继承和多态的特性。但是这种特性可以使用已知类型的方式弥补。
源代码下载地址:http://download.youkuaiyun.com/detail/yoyoshaoye/3614453