XML最大的优势是可以方便地表示带有层级的数据,同时WPF准备了TreeView和MenuView控件用来显示层级数据。能够帮助层级控件显示层级数据的模板是HierarchicalDataTemplate。
<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Window.Resources>
<!--数据源-->
<XmlDataProvider x:Key="ds" Source="Data.xml" XPath="Data/Grade"/>
<!--年级模板-->
<HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Grade" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Class}">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
</HierarchicalDataTemplate>
<!--班级模板-->
<HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Class" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Group}">
<RadioButton Content="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
</HierarchicalDataTemplate>
<!--小组模板-->
<HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Group" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Student}">
<CheckBox Content="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
</HierarchicalDataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<TreeView Margin="5" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=ds}}"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Data xmlns="">
<Grade Name="一年级">
<Class Name="一班">
<Group Name="A组"/>
<Group Name="B组"/>
<Group Name="C组"/>
</Class>
<Class Name="二班">
<Group Name="A组"/>
</Class>
<Class Name="三班">
<Group Name="A组"/>
<Group Name="B组"/>
<Group Name="C组"/>
</Class>
</Grade>
<Grade Name="二年级">
<Class Name="一班">
<Group Name="A组"/>
<Group Name="B组"/>
</Class>
<Class Name="二班">
<Group Name="A组"/>
<Group Name="B组"/>
<Group Name="C组"/>
<Group Name="D组"/>
</Class>
</Grade>
</Data>
同一种数据类型的嵌套结构只设计一个HierchicalDataTemplate就可以了,它会自动产生迭代应用的效果。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Data xmlns="">
<Operation Name="文件" Gesture="F">
<Operation Name="新建" Gesture="N">
<Operation Name="项目" Gesture="Control + P" />
<Operation Name="网站" Gesture="Control + W" />
<Operation Name="文档" Gesture="Control + D" />
</Operation>
<Operation Name="保存" Gesture="S" />
<Operation Name="打印" Gesture="P" />
<Operation Name="退出" Gesture="X" />
</Operation>
<Operation Name="编辑" Gesture="E">
<Operation Name="拷贝" Gesture="Control + C" />
<Operation Name="剪切" Gesture="Control + F" />
<Operation Name="粘帖" Gesture="Control + V" />
</Operation>
</Data>
<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Window.Resources>
<!--数据源-->
<XmlDataProvider x:Key="ds" Source="Data_2.xml" XPath="Data/Operation"/>
<HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="Operation" ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=Operation}">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
<TextBlock Text="("/>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding XPath=@Gesture}"/>
<TextBlock Text=")"/>
</StackPanel>
</StackPanel>
</HierarchicalDataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid MenuItem.Click="MenuItem_Click">
<Menu Margin="5" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=ds}}"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
private void MenuItem_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
MenuItem mi = e.OriginalSource as MenuItem;
//HierarchicalDataTemplate的作用目标不是MenuItem的内容,而是它的Header。如果针对MenuItem的单击事件进行侦听处理,
//我们就可以从被单击的Menultem的Header中取出XML数据。
XmlElement ele = mi.Header as XmlElement;
MessageBox.Show(string.Format("Operation Name: {0}", ele.Attributes["Name"].Value));
}