15.2 Linux I2C核心
I2C核心(drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c)中提供一组不依赖于硬件平台的接口函数,这个文件一般不需要被修改,但是理解其中的主要函数非常关键,因为I2C总线驱动和设备驱动之间以I2C核心作为纽带。
I2C核心中的主要函数如下:
include/linux/i2c.h
(1)增加/删除i2c_adapter
int i2c_add_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adap);
void i2c_del_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adap);
(2)增加/删除i2c_driver
int i2c_register_driver(struct module *owner, struct i2c_driver *driver);
void i2c_del_driver(struct i2c_driver *driver);
/* use a define to avoid include chaining to get THIS_MODULE */
#define i2c_add_driver(driver) \
i2c_register_driver(THIS_MODULE, driver)
(3)I2C传输、发送和接收
int i2c_transfer(struct i2c_adapter * adap, struct i2c_msg *msgs, int num);
int i2c_master_send(struct i2c_client *client,const char *buf ,int count); // 写
int i2c_master_recv(struct i2c_client *client, char *buf ,int count);// 读
备注:
i2c_transfer()函数用于进行I2C适配器和I2C设备之间的一组消息交互,其中第2个参数是一个指向i2c_msg数组的指针,所以i2c_transfer()一次可以传输多个i2c_msg(考虑到很多外设的读写波形比较复杂,比如读寄存器可能要先写,所以需要两个以上的消息)。对于时序比较简单的外设,i2c_master_send()函数和i2c_master_recv()函数内部会调用i2c_transfer()函数分别完成一条写消息和一条读消息,如代码清单15.6、15.7所示。
代码清单15.6 I2C核心的i2c_master_send()函数
/**
* i2c_master_send - issue a single I2C message in master transmit mode
* @client: Handle to slave device
* @buf: Data that will be written to the slave
* @count: How many bytes to write, must be less than 64k since msg.len is u16
*
* Returns negative errno, or else the number of bytes written.
*/
int i2c_master_send(cons