Greenplum 元数据常用查询语句

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-04 18:44:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-04 18:44:07 发布

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分类专栏： GreenPlum 文章标签： greenplum postgres 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xfg0218/article/details/103974415

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本文详细介绍了Greenplum数据库的元数据管理方法，包括数据库、schema、表、用户、函数、资源队列及SQL运行状态的查询，以及如何监控数据库与表的健康状况，如年龄、膨胀率和倾斜率等。

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2.1 查看数据库下创建的schema信息 2

2.2 查看数据库下每个schema的大小 2

3、查看schema下表的信息 2

3.1 查看schema下的表的清单 2

3.2 查看表的字段的信息 3

3.3 查看schema下的每个表的大小 3

5.1 查看创建的所有Function的信息 6

5.2 查看制定schema下的Function信息 6

1、获取集群中数据库信息

1.1 集群中的创建的数据库信息

select datname from pg_database where datname not in ('template1','template0','postgres');

1.2 查看每个数据库的储存大小

select pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('databases')) as databasesize, 'databases' as databasename
databases : 数据库信息

2、查看数据库下schema信息

2.1 查看数据库下创建的schema信息

select nspname as schemaname from pg_namespace where nspname!~'pg_*' ORDER BY nspname

2.2 查看数据库下每个schema的大小

select pg_size_pretty(cast(sum(pg_relation_size( schemaname || '.' || tablename)) as bigint)), schemaname
from pg_tables t inner join pg_namespace d on t.schemaname=d.nspname group by schemaname;

3、查看schema下表的信息

3.1 查看schema下的表的清单

select 'schemaname '||'.'||c.relname as tablename
from pg_catalog.pg_class c, pg_catalog.pg_namespace n
where
n.oid = c.relnamespace
and n.nspname='schemaname '
and pc.relstorage IN ('type')
schemaname : schema的名字
type：a和c是AO表,h是heap表,x是外表

3.2 查看表的字段的信息

select table_schema||'.'||table_name as tablename,column_name,
case character_maximum_length is null 
when 't' then data_type
else data_type||'('||character_maximum_length||')' end as character_maximum_length
from information_schema.columns where table_schema='schema'
and table_name='tablename';
schema : schema的信息
Tablename : 表的名字

3.3 查看schema下的每个表的大小

select schemaname||'.'||tablename,
pg_relation_size(schemaname || '.' || tablename)/1024/1024/1024 as tablesize
from pg_tables t inner join pg_namespace d on t.schemaname=d.nspname 
and nspname='schema '
ORDER BY tablesize desc 
limit 100;
schema : schema的信息

3.4 获取表的生命周期

select staactionname,stausename,stasubtype,to_char(statime,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mm:ss')||'' as statime
from pg_stat_last_operation where objid = 'tablename'::regclass order by statime desc
tablename : 表的名字

3.5 获取表的膨胀率

select percent_hidden
from gp_toolkit.__gp_aovisimap_compaction_info('main.t_ent_baseinfo'::regclass)
ORDER BY percent_hidden desc;

3.6 查看表的倾斜率

SELECT max(c) AS MaxSegRows, min(c) AS MinSegRows,
substr((max(c)-min(c))*100.0/max(c)||'',0,8) AS PercentageDifferenceBetween
FROM (SELECT count(*) c, gp_segment_id FROM tablename 
GROUP BY 2) AS a
tablename : 表的名字

3.7 查看需要Analyze的表

select smischema||'.'||smitable as tablename,smisize,smicols,smirecs from gp_toolkit.gp_stats_missing where smisize='f' limit 10;

3.8 查看表的字段个类型信息

select table_schema||'.'||table_name as tablename,column_name,
case character_maximum_length is null 
when 't' then data_type
else data_type||'('||character_maximum_length||')' end as character_maximum_length
from information_schema.columns where table_schema='schema'
and table_name='tablename';
schema ： schem信息
tablename : 表的名字

3.9 查看表字段的注释信息

SELECT 'tablename' as table_name
 ,a.attname AS column_name
 ,format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) AS data_type
 ,d.description AS description
  ,a.attnum
 ,a.attnotnull AS notnull
 ,coalesce(p.indisprimary, FALSE) AS primary_key
 ,f.adsrc AS default_val
FROM pg_attribute a
LEFT JOIN pg_index p ON p.indrelid = a.attrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(p.indkey)
LEFT JOIN pg_description d ON d.objoid = a.attrelid AND d.objsubid = a.attnum
LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef f ON f.adrelid = a.attrelid AND f.adnum = a.attnum
WHERE a.attnum > 0
AND NOT a.attisdropped
AND a.attrelid = 'tablename'::regclass
ORDER BY a.attnum;
tablename : 表的名字

4 查看集群中用户相关的信息

4.1 集群中创建的用户信息

select rolname,case rolsuper when 't' then '是管理员' when 'f' then '不是管理员' 
end as rolsuper, case rolcreaterole when 't' then '可以创建角色' when 'f' then '不可以创建角色' end as rolcreaterole,
case rolcreatedb when 't' then '可以创建DB' when 'f' then '不可以创建DB' end as rolcreatedb,
case rolcanlogin when 't' then '可以登录' when 'f' then '不可以登录' end as rolcanlogin,
case rolconnlimit when '-1' then '没有限制' else '有限制' end as rolconnlimit,
case when rolvaliduntil is null then '永不失效' else '有失效时间' end as rolvaliduntil,rsqname
from pg_roles,gp_toolkit.gp_resqueue_status where rolname not like 'gpcc%' and pg_roles.rolresqueue=gp_toolkit.gp_resqueue_status.queueid
order by rolname

4.2 用户创建的表信息

select grantee,table_schema||'.'||table_name as tablename,privilege_type,is_grantable
from information_schema.table_privileges where grantee= 'gpadmin' limit 100

5 集群中Function的信息

5.1 查看创建的所有Function的信息

SELECT pg_proc.proname AS proname,pg_type.typname AS typename,
pg_proc.pronargs AS argscount FROM pg_proc JOIN pg_type ON
(pg_proc.prorettype = pg_type.oid) WHERE pg_type.typname != 'void'
and pg_proc.proname like 'sp_%' ORDER BY pg_proc.proname  ;
void : 返回的类型
sp_% : 函数的前缀

5.2 查看制定schema下的Function信息

SELECT pg_proc.proname AS proname,pg_type.typname AS typename,
pg_proc.pronargs AS argscount FROM pg_proc JOIN pg_type ON
(pg_proc.prorettype = pg_type.oid) WHERE pg_type.typname != 'void'
and pg_proc.proname like 'sp_%' and pronamespace = (SELECT pg_namespace.oid FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = 'schema' )
ORDER BY pg_proc.proname ;
void : 返回的类型
sp_% : 函数的前缀
schema : 制定的schema的信息

6 集群中资源队列的信息

6.1 查看创建的资源队列

select * from pg_resqueue

6.2 查看资源队列的参数配置

select rsqname,resname,ressetting from pg_resqueue_attributes

7 集群中正在运行的SQL信息

7.1 查看正在运行的SQL信息

select datname,procpid,usename,current_query,waiting,
 to_char(query_start,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mm:ss') as query_start,
to_char(backend_start,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mm:ss') as backend_start,
((substr(now()||'',0,20)::timestamp) - (substr(query_start||'',0,20)::timestamp))||'' as takingTime,
client_addr,application_name,waiting_reason from pg_stat_activity where current_query <> '<IDLE>'
order by takingTime desc

8 查询数据库与表的年龄

8.1 查询数据库的年龄

select datname,age(datfrozenxid) from pg_database where age(datfrozenxid) > 1500000000
1500000000: 15亿的年龄
如果超过15亿，建议用户在业务空闲时间段，执行：
 set vacuum_freeze_min_age = 0; 
 vacuum freeze;

8.2 查询表的年龄

select * from (
select pt.schemaname||'.'||ts.relname as tablename,
pg_relation_size(pt.schemaname||'.'||ts.relname)/1024/1024/1024 as tablesizegb,
ts.relfrozenxid,ts.stausename,ts.stasubtype,ts.statime from (
SELECT ps.stausename,ps.staactionname,ps.stasubtype,pc.relname,ps.statime,age(relfrozenxid) as relfrozenxid
FROM pg_stat_last_operation ps,pg_class pc WHERE ps.objid = pc.oid
and age(pc.relfrozenxid) > 1500000000
) ts,pg_tables pt
where ts.relname = pt.tablename
order by tablesizegb desc
) txd
where txd.tablesizegb > 0
1500000000 : 15亿的年龄
tablename : 表的名字
如果超过15亿，建议用户在业务空闲时间段，执行：
 set vacuum_freeze_min_age = 0; 
 vacuum freeze tablename;