17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

本文介绍了一种使用深度优先搜索(DFS)解决电话号码对应字母组合问题的方法。通过两种不同的实现方式,一种较为直观但空间消耗较大,另一种则更加高效,仅维护一个字符序列在栈中。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

此道题目为经典的DFS题目,可以用DFS解决。很长时间没有写递归题目了,所以我的解法占用空间较大,比较高效的写法是只在栈中维护一个字符序列,而我的解法则是维护了3^N个字符序列,其中N为输入的digits的长度。我的代码如下:

    string d2S[10] = {"", "", "abc", "def", "ghi", "jkl", "mno", "pqrs", "tuv", "wxyz"};
    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
        vector<string> result, ret;
        if (digits.size() == 0) {
            return result;
        }
        int d = digits[0]-'0';
        string s = d2S[d];
        ret = letterCombinations(digits.substr(1)); // 这样写,是先递归子字符串。
        for (int i=0; i<(int)s.size(); i++) {
            string tmp = s.substr(i, 1);
            if (ret.size() == 0) {
                result.push_back(tmp);
            } else {
                for (int j=0; j<ret.size(); j++) {
                    result.push_back(tmp + ret[j]);
                }
            }
            
        }
        if (s.size() == 0) {
            return ret;
        } else {
            return result;
        }
        
    }

更为高效的写法如下:

    string d2S[10] = {"", "", "abc", "def", "ghi", "jkl", "mno", "pqrs", "tuv", "wxyz"};
    void generator(vector<string>& result, string& seq, string& digits, int deep) { // <span style="color:#ff0000;">seq为维护的字符序列,deep标示已经运行到了digits的第几位, result、seq以及digits都为引用形式</span>
<span style="color:#ff0000;"> </span>       if (digits.size() == deep) {
            result.push_back(seq);
            return;
        }
        int index = digits[deep] - '0';
        string letters = d2S[index];
        if (letters.size() == 0) {
            generator(result, seq, digits, deep+1);
        }
        for (int i=0; i<letters.size(); i++) { // <span style="color:#ff0000;">先对前面的字符进行运行,后递归子串
</span>            seq.push_back(letters[i]);
            generator(result, seq, digits, deep+1);
            seq.pop_back();
        }
    }
    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
        vector<string> result;
        string seq;
        if (digits.size() == 0) {
            return result;
        }
        generator(result, seq, digits, 0);
        return result;
    }



(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
06-09
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值